國際支付與結(jié)算ppt課件(已修改)
2024-11-15 19:07 本頁面
【正文】 Chapter One Brief Introduction to International Trade Outline Of Chapter 1: The Concept of International Trade Trade Terms Basic Methods of International Payments and Settlements Sale agreement between buyer and seller Buyer Seller Contract or Agreement Two important terms of sales agreement ★ Seller’s undertaking to provide the goods to buyer ★ Buyer’s undertaking to pay the price in return All the other agreements and procedures monly used in Int’l trade result from the performance of this The Sales Agreement 1 ★ Other contracts involved in the international trade ◆ a carriage contract with carrier to transport goods from seller’s country to buyer’s country Buyer Seller Carrier Continued to arrange shipment Continued The buyer arranges payment through bank Buyer Arrange payment through its Bank Transfer money or foreign exchange to Seller’s Bank Pay to Seller The buyer arrange payment of foreign exchange through banking system to seller Form of export contract ★ Contract of this kind is concluded on the basis of an informal exchange of message, . telephone conversation fax letters, etc. ★ Often, exporter sends importer a proforma invoice indicating details of the goods and unit prices before the conclusion Contract of Sale ★ The buyer and seller must agree on the goods to be sold and the price to be paid and ◆ which court or arbitration system has jurisdiction to hear any claims in the event of a dispute ◆ how the goods are to be delivered ◆ the method of payment ◆ the time period for delivery Law and Dispute ★ Applying the law of the country most closely connected with the contract ★ Trade term applicable to contract indicates ★ there is no international law of trade the point where risk transfers from seller to buyer the point where charges transfer from seller to buyer the point where responsibility of anizing transportation transfers from seller to buyer ★ The most mon method of covering most of these terms is by Incorporating International mercial terms(INCOTERMS) or trade terms. ★ Trade terms are the contract clauses that specify: who is responsible for anizing transport ? Seller Or Buyer carrier Only those with transporting vehicle could be named “carrier” 2 who is to insure the goods in transit ? Seller Go to buy transport insurance at Insurance pany or Buyer Generally speaking, the party with lower insurance price would take over the work. who bears the risk of loss or damage to goods? Crash ! Who should go to insurance pany to claim for the damage? Seller or Buyer claim Insurance pany claim So, we need a point of place for risk transfer. It may be: Seller’s premises Port of loading The rail of ship at port of loading On deck of ship at port of discharge At the front of two countries etc. This point is the boundary of duty. If goods are damaged on seller’s side, seller is responsible for claiming loss at insurance pany. If it is on buyer’s side, it is buyer’s duty to do so. Where is the place at which seller hands goods over to buyer? Buyer take up goods at Seller’s premises Buyer take up goods at Port of loading Buyer take up goods on the ship of port of loading Buyer take up goods on the ship of port of discharge etc. ? How is the transportation cost shared between seller and buyer? Seller is in charge of delivering the goods On deck of ship at port of loading Seller is in charge of delivering the goods Buyer’s premises Seller pays for loading truck, carriage fee to port of loading, export clearance, harbor charges and loading goods onto ship. Seller pays for all the charges incurred in the delivery, including carriage fees within exporting country, harbor and customs clearance charges of both importing and exporting country, loading and unloading charges, insurance premium and carriage fees within buyer’s country, etc. Seller is in charge of delivering the goods to the front of two countries Seller is in charge of delivering the goods On deck of ship at port of discharge Seller’s delivery cost include
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