資訊檢索策略與技巧(已修改)
2024-10-27 09:07 本頁面
【正文】 1 資訊檢索策略與技巧 黃慕萱， Harter， Chap. 7 2 檢索策略 ? 最早為軍方用語 ? 各家看法 ? 1979， Marcia Bates，” Information Search Tactics” ? Hartly ? 如何避免找到不相關(guān)文章的方法 ? 處理找到過多或過少相關(guān)文章的可能對(duì)策 ? Palmer ? 指分區(qū)組合檢索和引用文獻(xiàn)滾雪球法 ? Pao ? 指布林邏輯、引用文獻(xiàn)及機(jī)率檢索策略 ? 檢索策略 (search strategy) ? 針對(duì)一檢索問題之通盤考量或全面性之規(guī)劃 ? 如分區(qū)組合檢索法、引用文獻(xiàn)滾雪球法 …. 等 ? 檢索技巧 (search heuristics) ? 為完成特定目的所採取的行動(dòng) 3 Briefsearch 簡易檢索 ?最常見的檢索方式 ?快速簡單 ?fast and inexpensive ?但常是低 recall，低 precision ?適用 ?主題明確 ?想瞭解資料庫製作者所使用的敘述語和索引詞彙 ?確認(rèn)書目資料 ?已知書名、作者等 4 Building Blocks Search 分區(qū)組合檢索法 ? 亦有人稱為“ block building”或“ building block” ? 檢索方式 ?將索引問題分解成數(shù)個(gè)主題層面 (facets) ?確定主題層面間的關(guān)係 ? 通常 facets間的關(guān)係為” AND”，出現(xiàn)” OR”或” NOT”的情況較少 ?找出可代表各主題層面的檢索詞彙 ?利用布林邏輯” OR”做聯(lián)集，以求完整性 ? 使用率最高，早期參考晤談表格常依此設(shè)計(jì) 5 Building Blocks Search Strategy1/4 1. Conduct reference interviews 2. Formulate search objectives ? High recall ? High precision ? Moderate levels of recall and precision 3. Select database(s) and search system 4. Identify major concepts or facets and their logical relationships with one another 6 Building Blocks Search Strategy2/4 5. Identify ? search strings that represent the concepts ? Words ? Fulltext phrases ? Pieces of words ? Descriptors ? Identifiers ? Codes ? Nonsemantic bibliographic characteristics ? 非主題相關(guān)的欄位，如資料類型、語言、年代等 ? 包括同義詞、類同義詞、狹義詞、相關(guān)詞 ? fields to be searched 7 Building Blocks Search Strategy3/4 6. For each distinct facet of the search, a set of postings will be created for each search string within that facet. The sets are then bined into a single set representing that facet using Boolean OR 7. Following setp6, the facets sets themselves will be bined with Boolean AND and NOT 8. Plan alternatives 8 Building Blocks Search Strategy4/4 9. Formulate the initial statements of the search in the mand language of the system 10. Logon and put the search to the system 11. Evaluate the intermediate results 12. Iterate ? Use the interactive features of the system to carry out search heuristics ? tactics, maneuvers, strategies, tricks, devices, approaches, to try to improve search results 9 Building blocks approach
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