【正文】 主謂一致 Subject and verb agreement 梁寶軍 2020316 “主謂一致 ” 是指句子的謂語動詞與主語必須在人稱 、 數(shù)上保持一致 ， 即主語是復(fù)數(shù) ， 謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式 ， 如 are, were, have等 ， 主語是單數(shù) ， 謂語要用單數(shù)形式 ，如： is, was, has, works等 。 在具體處理一致關(guān)系時(shí)可遵循以下三原則 : 語法一致 、 意義一致 、 就近一致 。 概述 主語為單數(shù)形式，謂語就用單數(shù)形式；主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語就用復(fù)數(shù)形式 . 例如： Jane and Mary are alike. The number of the students in our school is about 700. 1)主語雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù) . 例如： The people are waiting for the bus. 單數(shù)形式代表復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞有 ： people, police, cattle 2) 主語形式為復(fù)數(shù)，而意義為單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù) 例如： The news is very exciting . 形復(fù)意單 的詞有： news,works(工廠 )和一些 ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱，如 physics, politics, economics等 指的是謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于 最靠近它 的主語。 如連詞 or, either…or, neither…nor. not only…but also等連接的并列主語。 例如： Not only the students but also the teacher ______the film. (like) likes Either your sister or your friends ______it.(know) know 1. 由 and連接的并列成分指的是 同一概念 ， 一個(gè)人的雙重身份 或 匹配出現(xiàn)的事物 時(shí)謂語動詞為單數(shù) ，由 and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那個(gè)既是工人又是作家 …) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家 ) 主謂一致細(xì)則 常見的由 and連接的指一個(gè)概念的有： the needle and thread 針線 salt and water 鹽和水 the folk and knife 刀叉 iron and steel 鋼鐵 time and tide 歲月 (時(shí)間和潮水 ) Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada. and 連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語，前面有 every， each， no修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future. Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. …or…, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also…, not…but… 等連接的并列主語，謂語動詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致 ——就近原則 。 Not only he but also I am invited. I or his brothers were to blame. Neither I nor he is to attend the meeting. Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 1. You or he _______ to blame． 你或他有一人要受責(zé)備 。 2. _______ you or he to blame? 受責(zé)備的是你還是他 ？ A ． is ， Is B． are， Are C． is， Are D． are， Is 在通常情況下 ， 兩個(gè)并列主語由 or，either… or， neither… nor， not… but，not only… but（ also） 等連接時(shí) ， 其謂語通常與第二個(gè)主語 （ 即臨近的一個(gè)主語 ） 保持一致 ， 但是 ， 在疑問句中則通常與第一個(gè)主語 （ 即臨近的一個(gè)主語 ） 保持一致 。 with, as well as, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to, rather than, like, along with等 連接前后兩個(gè)主語時(shí)， 其謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與該詞前面的主語保持一致。 The teacher as well as the students was excited. The room with its furniture was rented. Mr. Smith, together with his three children is going to e to this party. teacher along with a number of stu