【正文】 摘 要 驅動橋作為在汽車構造中的一個必不可缺的一部分，驅動橋的性能好壞直接關系到了整輛車的性能好壞，在載貨汽車中顯得更加尤為重要。本設計依照驅動橋的基本設計方法對載貨汽車的后驅動橋進行了設計。首先對驅動橋總成的結構型式及布置進行確定采用非斷開式驅動橋，然后對載貨汽車的一些主要參數進行確定。其次根據驅動橋的型式，確定一個總體設計方案。最后對驅動橋中的主減速器、差速器、半軸和驅動橋殼進行數據計算，并對主減速器中的主動錐齒輪、從動錐齒輪；差速器中的行星齒輪和半軸齒輪；全浮式半軸和鋼板沖壓焊接整體式橋殼的強度進行了計算校核 ，以及主減速器中的支承軸承進行了壽命計算校核。本設計在主減速器的設計中采用的是一對螺旋錐齒輪的單級主減速器，主動錐齒輪的支承形式采用懸臂式，從動錐齒輪的支承形式選擇無幅式結構，軸承均采用圓錐滾子軸承。通過本設計可以認識到驅動橋對載貨汽車的重要性，并對驅動橋的構造能有一定深度地了解。 關鍵詞 ： 載貨汽車 驅動橋 主減速器 差速器 半軸 ABSTRACT Driving bridge as an indispensable part of the car structure, driving bridge performance is directly related to the performance of the whole car is good or bad, in the truck is even more important. This design is designed according to the basic design method of the driving axle to the rear axle of the truck. First of all, the structure of the drive axle assembly and layout to determine the use of nonopen drive axle, and then some of the main parameters of the truck to determine. Followed by the type of drive axle to determine a general design. Finally, the main axle in the drive axle, differential, axle and drive axle housing data calculation, and the main reducer in the active bevel gear, driven bevel gear。 differential in the plaary gear and axle Gear。 fullfloating axle and steel plate stamping welding the overall strength of the axle was calculated to check, and the main bearing in the bearing bearing the life of the calculation check. The design of the main reducer in the design of a pair of spiral bevel gear singlestage main reducer, the active bevel gear support the use of cantilevered, driven bevel gear bearing the choice of notype structure, bearings are used Tapered Roller Bearings. Through this design can recognize the importance of the drive axle on the truck, and the construction of the bridge can have a certain depth. Key words: Lorry Drive axle Main decelerator Differential Semi axis 目 錄 1 前 言 ............................................................................................................................. 1 2 驅動橋的總體結構型式和布置 .................................................................................. 2 3 主減速器 ............................................................................................................................. 4 主減速器的基本參數和結構型式 ............................................................................. 4 主減速比的確定 .............................................................................................. 4 主減速器的齒輪類型選擇 .............................................................................. 4 主減速器中的主、從螺旋錐齒輪的支承和安裝的方式 .............................. 5 主減速器的減速型式 ...................................................................................... 5 主減速器的計算 ......................................................................................................... 5 主減速器齒輪計算載荷確定 .......................................................................... 5 主減速器從動齒輪的平均計算轉矩 T3 ......................................................... 6 主減速器的齒輪基本參數選擇 ................................................................................. 6 主、從動螺旋錐齒輪齒數的選擇 .................................................................. 6 從動螺旋錐齒輪的模數和節(jié)圓直徑 .............................................................. 7 螺旋錐齒輪齒寬 F........................................................................................... 7 螺旋角 β 的確定 ............................................................................................ 7 螺旋錐齒輪的螺旋方向的確定 ...................................................................... 8 法向壓力角的確定 .......................................................................................... 8 主減速器的主、從螺旋錐齒輪的詳細尺寸 ............................................................. 8 主減速器螺旋錐齒輪的強度計算 ............................................................................. 9 齒輪的損壞形式 .............................................................................................. 9 主減速器螺旋錐齒輪的強度計算 .................................................................. 9 螺旋 錐齒輪的彎曲強度計算 ........................................................................ 10 螺旋錐齒輪的齒面接觸強度計算 ................................................................ 12 主減速器軸承的計算 ............................................................................................... 13 主減速器主動錐齒輪上的當量轉矩 ............................................................ 13 螺旋錐齒輪齒面寬中點處的圓周力 ............................................................ 13 螺旋錐齒輪的軸向力和徑向力 .................................................................... 13 主減速器的軸承載荷計算 ............................................................................ 14 4 差速器 ............................................................................................................................... 17 差速器的結構型式選擇 ........................................................................................... 17 對稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的結構 ....................................................................... 17 對稱式圓 錐行星齒輪差速器 ................................................................................... 17 差速器齒輪的基本參數 ................................................................................ 17 差速器齒輪的主要尺寸 ................................................................................ 18 差速器齒輪的強度計算 ................................................................................ 20 5 半軸 .................................................................................................................................... 22 半軸型式的確定 ....................................................................................................... 22 全浮式半軸的設計計算 .......................................................