【正文】 本科學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 重型貨車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 設(shè)計(jì) 系部名稱 ： 汽車與交通工程學(xué)院 專業(yè)班級(jí) ： 車輛工程 學(xué)生姓名 ： 指導(dǎo)教師 ： 職 稱 ： 講師 The Graduation Design for Bachelor39。s Degree The Design for Driving Axle of Heavy Truck Candidate： Xu Wenyu Specialty： Vehicle Engineering Class ： B075 Supervisor： Lecturer Lv Degang Heilongjiang Institute of Technology I 摘 要 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋作為汽車四大總成之一，它的性能的好壞直接影響整車性能，而對(duì)于載重貨車 顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)采用大功率發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出大的轉(zhuǎn)矩以滿足目前載重汽車的快速、重載的高效率、高效益的需要時(shí)，必須要搭配一個(gè)高效、可靠的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。所以設(shè)計(jì)出結(jié)構(gòu) 簡(jiǎn)單、工作可靠、造價(jià)低廉的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，能大大降低整車生產(chǎn)的總成本，推動(dòng)汽車經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 本 設(shè)計(jì) 首 先論述了驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的總體結(jié)構(gòu)，在分析 了國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 、 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋各部分結(jié)構(gòu)形式 及其以往形式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，確定了總體設(shè)計(jì)方案： 采用整體式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，主減速器的減速型式采用 雙 級(jí)減速器，主減速器齒輪采用 螺旋 錐齒輪，差速器采用普通對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器，半軸 采用全浮式 型式， 橋殼采用 鑄造 整體式橋殼。 在本次設(shè)計(jì)中，主要完成了 雙 級(jí)減速器、圓錐行星齒輪差速器、全浮式半軸 的設(shè)計(jì) 和 橋殼的校核 材料 的 選取等 工作 。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 ； 設(shè)計(jì) ； 計(jì)算 ； 校核 ； 材料 II ABSTRACT Drive bridge as one of its four Assembly vehicles, which have a direct impact on the performance of vehicle performance, and load goods vehicles is very important. When using the high power output of the engine torque to meet current fast and heavytruck when the need for efficient, cost effective, must be used with an efficient, reliable drive axle. Design structure is simple, reliable, low cost drive axle, can greatly reduce the total cost of vehicle production, promote the economic development of the automobile. This design first expositions has driven bridge of overall structure, in analysis has at home and abroad status, and driven bridge the part structure form and past form of advantages and disadvantages of Foundation Shang, determine has overall design programme: used overall type driven bridge, main reducer of deceleration type type used double level reducer, main reducer gear used spiral cone gear, differential used General symmetric type cone pla gear differential, half axis used full floating type type type, bridge shell used casting overall type bridge shell. In this design, the major pleted a twostage reducer, plaary gear differential, full floating axle with tapered design and check of axle of selection of materials and so on. Key words: Driving axle； Design； Calculation； Checking； Material i 目 錄 摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ Abstract ...........................................................................................................II 第 1 章 ……………………………………………………………………………… …… ...1 汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋概述 .......................................................................................................1 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究進(jìn)展 ....................................................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi)研究進(jìn)展 .................................................................................................1 國(guó)外研究進(jìn)展 .................................................................................................2 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的種類 ...........................................................................................................3 非斷開(kāi)式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 .............................................................................................4 斷開(kāi)式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋 .................................................................................................4 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)組成 .......................................................................................................5 主減速器 .........................................................................................................5 差速器 .............................................................................................................9 半軸 .................................................................................................................9 橋殼 ...............................................................................................................10 設(shè)計(jì)的主要內(nèi)容 .....................................................................................................10 第 2 章 主減速器設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 12 主減速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的分析及確定 .........................................................................12 主減速器比的計(jì)算 .......................................................................................12 主減速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的確定 ............................................................................13 主減速器齒輪設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................13 主減速器齒輪參數(shù)的選擇 ...........................................................................13 主減速器齒輪計(jì)算載荷的確定 ...................................................................14 主減速器齒輪的材料及熱處理 .............................................................................15 主減速器螺旋錐齒輪的計(jì)算 .................................................................................16 主減速器螺旋錐齒輪的幾何尺寸計(jì)算 .......................................................16 主減速器螺旋錐齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ...............................................................17 ii 主減速器軸承的計(jì)算 .............................................................................................19 主減速器的潤(rùn)滑 .....................................................................................................22 本章小結(jié) .................................................................................................................23 第 3 章 差速器設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 24 差速器 結(jié)構(gòu)方案的分析及確定 .............................................................................24 普通錐齒輪式差速器設(shè)計(jì) .....................................................................................24 對(duì)稱式圓錐行星齒輪差速器 .......................................................................24 差速器齒 輪的基本參數(shù)選擇 ........................................................................25 差速器齒