【正文】
課 題 名 稱 膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶損傷的預(yù)防 及康復(fù)性體能訓(xùn)練初探 I 摘 要 膝關(guān)節(jié)是很復(fù)雜的關(guān)節(jié),膝關(guān)節(jié)韌帶是膝關(guān)節(jié)穩(wěn)定的首要構(gòu)造,亦然 也 是產(chǎn)生病變多的部位。膝關(guān)節(jié)由脛骨近端,髕骨和股骨遠(yuǎn)端構(gòu)成。同時(shí) 和旁邊的 韌帶相連接 , 與 關(guān)節(jié)囊和半月板 構(gòu)成了 一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的結(jié)構(gòu)。前交叉韌帶 起著 限制脛骨的前移與旋轉(zhuǎn) 作用 。 前交叉韌帶以 股骨外髁的內(nèi)側(cè)面 為起點(diǎn) ,脛骨 內(nèi)側(cè)隆突的前外側(cè) 為止點(diǎn)。 后 交叉 韌帶 以 股骨內(nèi)髁的外側(cè)面 為起點(diǎn) ,脛骨平臺(tái)后緣 為止點(diǎn)。后交叉韌帶在膝 關(guān)節(jié)水平的下方 ,起著 限制脛骨后移 的作用 。 保持膝關(guān)節(jié)的穩(wěn)定最主要的關(guān)鍵就是十字韌帶。在 骨科領(lǐng)域 和 運(yùn)動(dòng) 領(lǐng)域 常見(jiàn)的創(chuàng)傷之一 就是 膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶損傷, 同時(shí)也是 較為嚴(yán)重 、 醫(yī)治難度較大的損傷。最近 20 年來(lái),發(fā)病率在逐漸增高。例如神經(jīng)肌肉、關(guān)節(jié)韌帶、激素的周期性變化以及其他因素均與易發(fā)膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶損傷有關(guān)。因此制定出一套系統(tǒng)的康復(fù)性體能訓(xùn)練方案, 以改善膝關(guān)節(jié)和肌肉力量的運(yùn)動(dòng)水平,預(yù)防膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶的損傷,對(duì)膝關(guān)節(jié)的退行性損傷起著 重要的作用。 關(guān)鍵詞 :膝關(guān)節(jié) ; 十字韌帶 ; 康復(fù)性 ; 體能訓(xùn)練 II Abstract The knee joint is very plicated joint, ligament of knee joint is an important structure of the knee joint stability, but also in many parts of. Knee joint by the distal femur, proximal tibia and patella. At the same time attached to them on the ligament, meniscus and formed a stable structures of the joint. Medial femoral condyle. Medial femoral condyle surface of anterior cruciate ligament in, stop in the medial tibial eminence anterolateral tibial advancement and rotation, limit. Posterior cruciate ligament in the lateral femoral condyle, stop at the posterior edge of tibial plateau, is located below the joint level, limiting the tibial shift. They are an important structure to maintain the stability of the knee joint. Cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint is one of the mon sports injuries and Department of orthopedics areas of trauma, injury of knee is serious, difficult damage treatment. Its incidence has gradually increased in recent 20 years. For example, periodic change of nerve muscle, ligament, hormones and other factors were associated with prone knee cruciate ligament injury. Therefore,to develop a set of systematic rehabilitation physical training program,to improve the level of the knee joint muscle strength, the recovery of knee joint motion ability, plays an important role in prevention of knee joint injury and degeneration of knee joint injury. Keywords: knee 。cruciate ligament 。rehabilitation 。physical training 目 錄 中文摘要 ……………………………………… ........………………… Ⅰ ABSTRACT……………………………………… .....………………… Ⅱ 1前言 ………………………………………… ..........……………………1 2研究對(duì)象與方法 …………………… ..........……………………………2 研究對(duì)象 ……………………………… ....……………………… 2 ……………………………………… ...…………………………2 分組方法 ………………………………… ....………………………2 個(gè)體化設(shè)計(jì)方案 ……………………… ....…………………………3 …………………………………………… ...……………4 3研究結(jié)果 ………………………………………………… ..........………4 AB 兩組受試患者訓(xùn)練前后膝關(guān)節(jié)力量比較 ....................................4 AB 兩組受試患者訓(xùn)練前后膝關(guān)節(jié)功能及本體感覺(jué)評(píng)估比較 ........5 4討論與分析 ……………………………………… ..........………………5 …………… ...........……………………5 膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶損傷及生物力學(xué)機(jī)制 …… .......…………………6 本體感受性康復(fù)訓(xùn)練對(duì)膝關(guān)節(jié)十字韌帶損傷的康復(fù)效果 .....