【正文】 永昌 教學樓設計 Design of Yongchang school 學 院： 專 業(yè) 班 級： 學 號： 學 生 姓 名： 指 導 教 師： 2021 年 6 月 I 摘 要 本次畢業(yè)設計的是一幢住宅樓，占地面積為 5400m2,為現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土框架結構。設計使用年限為 50 年，耐火等級 II 級，采光等級為 II 級，抗震等級為三級。 結構方案階段：根據(jù)建筑的重要性，建筑所在地的抗震設防烈度，工程地質勘查報告，建筑場地的類別及建筑的功能、高 度和層數(shù)來確定建筑的結構形式，本工 程采用的是鋼筋混凝土框架結構 。在當今工程實際中，框架結構是應用非常廣泛的一種結構布置形式。它的鋼及水泥用量比較大，造價也比混合結構高，但具有梁柱承重，墻體只起分隔和圍護的作用，房間布置比較靈活，門窗開置的大小、形狀都較為自由的特點。 結構計算階段：本設計主要進行了結構方案中橫向框架 4 軸框架的抗震設計。在確定框架布局之后，先進行了層間荷載代表值的計算 ,接著利用經驗公式法求出自震周期，進而按底部剪力法計算水平地震荷載作用下大小，進而求出在水平荷載作用下的結構內力（彎矩、剪力、軸力）。接著計算豎向荷載（恒載及活荷 載）作用下的結構內力，是 為了 找出最不利的一組或幾組內力組合。 選取最不安全的結果計算配筋并繪圖。 關鍵詞：多層住宅；鋼筋混凝土框架；截面設計，結構設計，抗震設計 II Abstract The graduation design is a residential building,The size place reinforced concrete frame structure,Design life of 50 years， Refractory grade II. Structural scheme stage: According to the importance of the building, providing fortification against earthquakes in the earthquake intensity, the geologic prospect report of the project of the building site, classification and height and storey of the building of the building field are counted to confirm the structural form of architecture, what this project is adopted is frame structure. Construction is a structure disposal type in the construction practices, which is used widely in the world recently. It needs a great deal of steel and cement and makes its cost higher than mixed construction. But it is of the advantages that one is beam and column bear the force, while the wall only divides the space and the other is the disposal for a room is flexible: it makes it freely to set the sizes and shapes of the windows and doors. Calculate stage in structure: The purpose of the design is to do the antiseismic design in the longitudinal frames of axis 4. When the directions of the frames are determined, firstly the weight of each floor is calculated. Then the vibrate cycle is calculated by utilizing the experiential formula, then making the amount of the horizontal seismic force can be got by way of the bottomshear force method. The seismic force can be assigned according to the shearing stiffness of the frames of the different axis. Then the internal force (bending moment, shearing force and axial force) in the structure under the horizontal loads can be easily calculated. After the determination of the internal force under the dead and live loads, the bination of internal force can be made by using the Excel software, whose purpose is to find one or several sets of the most adverse internal force of the conterminous girders, which will be the basis of protracting the reinforcing drawings of the ponents. Keyword: Multistorey residential； Reinforced concrete frame； Section design structural design， antiseismic design III 目 錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................................. I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 第 1 章 方案論述 .........................................................................................................6 建筑方案論述 ................................................................................................. 6 設計依據(jù) ................................................................................................6 設計內容、建筑面積、標高 ................................................................6 房間構成和布置 ....................................................................................6 采光和通風 ............................................................................................7 主要立面和出入口的考慮 ....................................................................7 防火及安全 ............................................................................................7 各部分工程構造 ....................................................................................8 結構方案論述 ................................................................................................. 9 基本資料 ....................................................................................................... 9 結構形式和基礎形式 ................................................................................... 9 結構尺寸及采用的材料 ............................................................................. 10 荷載種類及其組合 ..................................................................................... 11 計算方法 ..................................................................................................... 11 第 2 章 荷載計算 .......................................................................................................12 荷載匯集及截面尺寸的選取 ....................................................................... 12 截面尺寸選取 .....................................................................................12 荷載匯集 ..............................................................................................13 計算簡圖及層數(shù)劃分 ....................................................................................15 各層重力荷載代表值計算 ........................................................................... 15 第 3 章 水平地震作用下的框架內力分析 ...............................................................17 基本資料 ....................................................................................................... 17 水平地震作用下的框架內力 ....................................................................... 17 梁線剛度 ..............................................................................................17 柱的線剛度 ..........................................................................................17 IV 柱的側移剛度 D...................................................................................18 水平地震作用分析（采用底