【正文】 碩士 專業(yè)學(xué)位論文 高速公路隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) Design and implementation of Fire detection and alarm system for highway tunnel 作者： XXXX 導(dǎo)師： XXXX 北京交通大學(xué) 2021 年 7 月 i 學(xué)校代碼： 10004 密級(jí)： 公開 北京交通大學(xué) 碩士專業(yè)學(xué) 位論文 摘要 ii 北京交通大學(xué) 碩士 專業(yè)學(xué)位論文 高速公路隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn) Design and implementation of Fire detection and alarm system for highway tunnel 作者姓名： XXXX 學(xué) 號(hào)： XXXX 導(dǎo)師姓名： XXXX 職 稱： XXXX 工程 碩士專業(yè) 領(lǐng)域 ： XXXX 學(xué)位級(jí)別： 碩士 北京交通大學(xué) 2021 年 7 月 北京交通大學(xué) 碩士專業(yè)學(xué) 位論文 摘要 iii 摘要 山西高速公路發(fā)展日趨成熟的同時(shí) ，高速公路隧道作為一種特殊的建筑物，成為山西高速的一部分，由于其地形復(fù)雜，結(jié)構(gòu)封閉，交通量大。在其道路運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程中，一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)便會(huì)造成隧道主體工程損壞，產(chǎn)生極大的危害性且逃生困難。隧道火災(zāi)的發(fā)生往往是由于汽車相撞、車輛裝載物品燃燒或爆炸、電力電氣線路短路等事故引發(fā)，其火災(zāi)特點(diǎn)是起火速度快、明火事故多于陰燃火。由于隧道環(huán)境密閉、交通量大、人員密集，逃生和救援工作相當(dāng)困難，若一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)后不能迅速報(bào)警和及時(shí)處理，必將導(dǎo)致交通堵塞、重大人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。 為保障高速公路隧道內(nèi)發(fā)生火災(zāi)事故能夠做到實(shí)時(shí)響應(yīng)，高速公 路隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，使得隧道火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)盡最大程度減少不必要的損失。為使用高速公路的用戶營(yíng)造良好的出行環(huán)境。我們決定開發(fā)高速公路隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)，本系統(tǒng) 主要 工作如下 ： 1. 實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道內(nèi)溫度的實(shí)時(shí)采集，并設(shè)置預(yù)警溫度，當(dāng)溫度達(dá)到閾值便觸發(fā)報(bào)警機(jī)制，通知值班人員及時(shí)查看并處理異常情況，并將異常數(shù)據(jù)保存至數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中，以備日后進(jìn)行故障排除； 2. 實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道內(nèi)煙霧的實(shí)時(shí)采集，并設(shè)置預(yù)警閾值，一旦煙霧量超出閾值便觸發(fā)報(bào)警機(jī)制，通知值班人員及時(shí)查看并處理異常情況，并將異常數(shù)據(jù)保存至數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中，以備日后進(jìn)行故 障排除； 3. 能夠?qū)λ淼纼?nèi)發(fā)生溫度及煙霧超過(guò)閾值的坐標(biāo)進(jìn)行精確定位，輔助值班人員迅速作出應(yīng)急響應(yīng)作出應(yīng)急處理措施并上報(bào)上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)； 4. 采用光纖通信，確保從隧道傳回監(jiān)控中心的數(shù)據(jù)無(wú)延時(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸無(wú)延時(shí)； 5. 采用先進(jìn)的檢測(cè)設(shè)備，實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道內(nèi)火災(zāi)發(fā)生的提前響應(yīng)及預(yù)判，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)火災(zāi)已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法控制的地步才觸發(fā)報(bào)警的情況 ； 6. 實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道內(nèi)手動(dòng)報(bào)警裝置與自動(dòng)報(bào)警裝置配合雙保險(xiǎn)，若隧道內(nèi)發(fā)生除火災(zāi)之外的其他異常情況，隧道內(nèi)的司機(jī)仍可手動(dòng)觸發(fā)報(bào)警機(jī)制，提示監(jiān)控人員及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并處理異常情況。 通過(guò)遵循軟件工程的思想 進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)開發(fā) ,本 系統(tǒng) 的最終 成果 是 實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道火災(zāi)實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警，為通行在高速公路隧道內(nèi)的司機(jī)提供更安全和更優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。 關(guān)鍵詞： 高速公路隧道 ； 實(shí)時(shí)響應(yīng)； 火災(zāi) 檢測(cè)； 報(bào)警 ； 北 京 交 通大 學(xué) 碩士 專 業(yè)學(xué) 位 論文 AB S T R A C T iv ABSTRACT Shanxi expressway is being more and more mature at the same time, as a special kind of building, the highway tunnel has bee a part of the Shanxi expressway, because of its plex terrain, close structure and large traffic volume. In the course of its road operation, once the fire will cause damage to the main body of the tunnel, resulting in great harm and difficult to escape. The occurrence of tunnel fire is often triggered by car collision, vehicle loading items were burning or explosion, power line electrical shortcircuit accident. The fire characteristics is fire speed, fire accident more than smoldering to the tunnel closed environment, heavy traffic, crowded, escape and rescue work is very difficult, if once the fire cannot quickly alarm and timely treatment, will lead to traffic jams, heavy casualties and property losses. For protection of the highway tunnel fire accident can do realtime response, highway tunnel fire detection and alarm system came into being, the tunnel fire occurs as to minimize unnecessary a good travel environment for users who use the decided to develop the highway tunnel fire detection and alarm system,The main work of this system is as follows: 1. Realize the realtime collection of temperature inside the tunnel and set the alarm temperature, when the temperature reaches the threshold will trigger the alarm mechanism, inform the officer on duty timely check and deal with abnormal and abnormal data saved to the database, eliminate to prepare for future fault。 2. Achieve realtime acquisition of smoke in the tunnel, and by setting the threshold of the warning, once the smoke amount exceeds a threshold will trigger the alarm mechanism, inform the officer on duty timely check and deal with abnormal and abnormal data saved to the database, eliminate to prepare for future fault。 3. To be able to accurately locate the coordinates of temperature and smoke in the tunnel, and assist on duty personnel to quickly respond to the emergency response and report to the superior。 4. The use of optical fiber munication, to ensure that the data from the tunnel back to the monitoring center without delay, to achieve data transmission without delay。 5. Using advanced detection equipment, to achieve the fire in the tunnel ahead of the response and anticipation, no fire has reached the point of no control to trigger the alarm。 北 京 交 通大 學(xué) 碩士 專 業(yè)學(xué) 位 論文 AB S T R A C T v 6. The tunnel in the manual alarm device and automatic alarm device with double insurance, if the other abnormal conditions in addition to the fire occurred in the tunnel, tunnel driver can still manually trigger alarm mechanism, suggesting that staff monitor the timely detection and treatment of abnormal situation. By following the theory of software engineering to develop the system, the final results of the system is achieve realtime tunnel fire detection and alarm, to provide more security and better quality of service for traffic drivers in highway tunnel. KEYWORDS： Highway tunnel。 Realtime response。 Fire detection。 the alarm。 北京交通大學(xué) 碩 士 專 業(yè) 學(xué) 位 論 文 目錄 vi 目錄 摘要 ........................................................................................................................... III ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... IV 第一章 緒論 ................................................................................................................ 1 課題背景及意義 .............................................................................................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展趨勢(shì) .............................................................................................................................1 國(guó)際隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)狀 ...............................................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi)隧道火災(zāi)檢測(cè)與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)狀 ...............................................................................2 課題來(lái)源 ..............................................................................................