【正文】 2020/12/24 1. 郭友同 HITTOWN ITPMP 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 2 / 85 目錄 1. 目錄 .......................................................................................................................... 2 1. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化知識(shí) ............................................................................................................... 8 . 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化法（ ※ ） .......................................................................................... 8 . 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定 .......................................................................................... 8 . 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的表示 .......................................................................................... 9 . 可擴(kuò)展標(biāo)記語言 .......................................................................................... 9 . XML 的組織 .......................................................................................... 9 . CSS 與 XSL .......................................................................................... 10 . XML 編程接口 .................................................................................... 10 . CORBA....................................................................................................... 10 . 計(jì)算機(jī)信息安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ................................................................................. 12 . 可信計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（ TCSEC,橘皮書） ........................................ 12 . ISO 74982 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) .................................................................................. 12 . BS7799 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（ ISO/IEC1779:2020） ...................................................... 13 . 其他標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ............................................................................................ 13 2. 面向?qū)ο蠓椒▽W(xué) ...................................................................................................... 14 . 面向?qū)ο蠡A(chǔ) ............................................................................................ 14 . 基礎(chǔ)概念 ............................................................................................ 14 . 類的定義 ............................................................................................ 15 . 面向?qū)ο蟮姆椒? ................................................................................. 15 . ※ 統(tǒng)一建模語言（ UML） .......................................................................... 16 . UML 結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................... 16 . 用例圖 ............................................................................................... 17 . 類圖與對(duì)象圖 ..................................................................................... 18 . 順序圖（交互圖 1） ........................................................................... 19 . 協(xié)作圖（交互圖 2） ........................................................................... 19 . 狀態(tài)圖 ............................................................................................... 20 . 活動(dòng)圖 ............................................................................................... 20 . 構(gòu)件圖 ............................................................................................... 21 . 部署圖 ............................................................................................... 22 . 面向?qū)ο蟮姆治? ........................................................................................ 22 . 建立域模型 ........................................................................................ 22 . 建立用例模型 ..................................................................................... 22 3. 數(shù)據(jù)通信與計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò) ............................................................................................ 24 . 開放系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)參考模型 .............................................................................. 24 . 物理層 ............................................................................................... 24 . 數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層 ........................................................................................ 24 . 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層 ............................................................................................... 24 . 傳輸層 ............................................................................................... 25 . 會(huì)話層 ............................................................................................... 25 . 表示層 ............................................................................................... 25 3 / 85 . 應(yīng)用層 ............................................................................................... 25 . 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分類 ........................................................................................ 26 . IEEE (以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) CDMA/CD) ........................................................ 26 . IEEE (快速以太網(wǎng) ) ..................................................................... 26 . IEEE ........................................................................................... 27 . FDDI(IEEE ) .................................................................................. 27 . 千兆以太網(wǎng)（ ※ ） .............................................................................. 27 . 無線 LAN:實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)（ ※ ） .................................................................. 27 . 無線 LAN:國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn) （ ※ ） ....................................................... 28 . 無線 LAN:國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 其他 （ ※ ） ........................................................ 28 . 無線 LAN:聯(lián)接方式 （ ※ ） ................................................................. 28 . 網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備 ................................................................................................... 28 . 常用網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接設(shè)備 .............................................................................. 28 . 路由器原理 ........................................................................................ 29 . 路由器的功能 ..................................................................................... 29 . 路由算法 ............................................................................................ 29 . 路由協(xié)議 ...................