【正文】 分類(lèi)號(hào) 密 級(jí) U D C 編 號(hào) 10486 武 漢 大 學(xué) 工 程 碩 士 學(xué) 位 論 文 我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 信息化實(shí)現(xiàn)方式研究 研究生姓名 ： 何波 指導(dǎo)教師姓名、職稱(chēng) ： 程 虹 教 授 王 澤 洪 教 授 學(xué)科、專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱(chēng) ： 軟 件 工 程 研究方向 ： 質(zhì) 量 工 程 二 ○一○ 年 五 月 Research on implementations of food safety risk management information system in China By He Bo May, 2020 鄭 重 聲 明 本人的學(xué)位論文是在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立撰寫(xiě)并完成的，學(xué)位論文沒(méi)有剽竊、抄襲、造假等違反學(xué)術(shù)道德、學(xué)術(shù)規(guī)范和侵權(quán)行為，否則，本人愿意承擔(dān)由此而產(chǎn)生的法律責(zé)任和法律后果，特此鄭重聲明 。 學(xué)位論文作者（簽名）： 年 月 日 I 摘 要 食品安全直接關(guān)系著廣大人民群眾的身體健康和 生活 安全 ， 關(guān)系著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、政治穩(wěn)定、社會(huì)和諧、國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)家 形象。在食品安全處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高發(fā)期和矛盾凸現(xiàn)期的現(xiàn)階段，我國(guó)食品安全已成為關(guān)系國(guó)計(jì)民生的一個(gè)極為突出的政府問(wèn)題和社會(huì)問(wèn)題。近幾年來(lái)禽流感、蘇丹紅、口蹄疫、三聚氰胺、農(nóng)藥殘留等一系列食品安全事件的不斷發(fā)生給我們教訓(xùn)非常深刻 :對(duì)食品質(zhì)量的監(jiān)管己經(jīng)不能僅僅停留于單純的食品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢查上，要提升到食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的層面上。我們不僅要及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而且還要能夠有效控制食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這需要我們充分利用信息化手段建立科學(xué)和全面的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息化系統(tǒng)，以技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和管理創(chuàng)新助推食品安全管理，保障人民群眾的食品消費(fèi)安 全。 本文主要對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息化實(shí)現(xiàn)方式進(jìn)行研究。第一部分界定了食品范疇，說(shuō)明食品安全和食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的邏輯關(guān)系，闡述了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本理論，并將其導(dǎo)入食品安全管理領(lǐng)域，論證信息化手段運(yùn)用于食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的作用。第二部分從介紹國(guó)外食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息化系統(tǒng)入手，了解其先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，獲得了一些有益啟示 : 食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 信息 化是防范食品風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的主要手段，多方合作和充足資源是建立食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 信息 化體系的良好保障，信息交流是食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 信息 化體系有效運(yùn)行的重要保證。第三部分闡述我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息化實(shí) 施現(xiàn)狀 和問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)狀 體現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面：食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理追溯探索穩(wěn)步推 進(jìn) ，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理預(yù)警體系逐步完善，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理專(zhuān)家數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)初步建成，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息交流渠道逐漸暢通。存在問(wèn)題 主要 是：食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理追溯系統(tǒng)建設(shè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理預(yù)警系統(tǒng)建設(shè)有待進(jìn)一步深入，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)發(fā)展存在很多障礙，食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理信息交流缺乏共享和互動(dòng)。第四部分在參考國(guó)外食品追溯系統(tǒng)、食品預(yù)警系統(tǒng)等基礎(chǔ)上，挖掘信息化作為技術(shù)手段在食品監(jiān)管中的有效作用，提出了我國(guó)食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 管理追溯系統(tǒng)、 預(yù)警系統(tǒng)、交流系統(tǒng) 、知識(shí) 庫(kù) 系統(tǒng)建設(shè)思路，以信息化促進(jìn)食品安全監(jiān)管現(xiàn)代化。最后部分對(duì)全文進(jìn)行適當(dāng) 回顧 ，并對(duì)下一步發(fā)展做了思考和展望。 關(guān)鍵詞： 食品安全 ； 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 ； 信息化 II Abstract Food safety is not only directly related to the health of the masses and life safety, but also economic development, political stability, social harmony, international trade and national image. Food safety at risk in the peak period and highlights the contradictions of the present stage, our people39。s livelihood, food security has bee a very prominent social problem. In recent years, avian influenza, Sudan, foot and mouth disease, melamine, pesticide residues and a series of food safety incidents continue to teach very profound lessons to us: the regulation of food quality has not just stop at simple food quality supervision and inspection, we should upgrade to the food safety risk management level. We will not only discover the food safety risk, but also can effectively control the food safety risks. This requires that we make full use of information technology tools to establish a scientific and prehensive food safety risk management information system, technology innovation and management innovation to boost food safety management, protecting the safety of the people39。s food consumption. This thesis studies methods of implementing food safety risk management information system in China. The first part provides the definition of a food category, description of food safety and food security risks logic to explain the basic theory of risk management, and the import of food safety management, demonstration of information tools used in food safety risk management role. The second part offers the introduction of Food Safety Risk Management Information System starting to understand their experience and gained some useful insights: food safety risk management information is the primary means of preventing food risks, multilateral cooperation and adequate resources to establish food safety risks good management information system security, information exchange is a food safety risk management information system, an important guarantee for effective operation. The third part discusses the risk management of food safety status of implementation of information and issues. Situation is reflected in four aspects: food safety risk management back to explore the steady implementation of food security early warning system gradually improved risk management, food safety risk management expert database system initially built, food safety risk management information exchange gradually smooth. Problems are mainly: retrospective of food safety risk management system based on weak construction, food safety risk management early warning system needs further, the development of food safety risk management database, there are many obstacles to the exchange of food safety risk III management, lack of information sharing and interaction. The fourth part introduces foreign food traceability systems, food early warning systems based on the mining information technology tools in the food regulation as an effective role in the proposed risk management of food safety traceability system, early warning systems, munication systems, knowledge base system thinking of building the information technology to promote modernization of food safety supervision. The last part review the entire thesis, and the future development and prospects to do the thinking. Key words: food safety。 risk management。 information IV 目 錄 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 第 1章 緒論 1 研究的背景和意義 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究綜述 3 研究?jī)?nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)和方法 4 第 2章 食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理及信息化概述 5 食品安全 5 食品的定義 1