【正文】 唐 山 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 設(shè)計題目： SO42/ZrO2/Fe3O4/TiO2催化劑的制備及其性能研究 系 別： 環(huán)境與化學(xué)工程系 班 級： 11 化學(xué)工程與工藝（ 1）班 姓 名： 范洪濤 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 李?；? 2020 年 6 月 6 日 SO42/ZrO2/Fe3O4/TiO2催化劑的制備及其性能研究 摘 要 固體超強酸催化劑是近年來研究和開發(fā)的一種新型固體酸催化劑，它具有酸性強度高，易分離等特點， 具有非常重要的應(yīng)用價值 。 它可以克 服 工業(yè)上傳統(tǒng)催化劑 (如濃硫酸、濃磷酸等無機液體酸等金屬鹵化物 ） 的諸多弊端 ： 易腐蝕、污染環(huán)境、難分離、副反應(yīng)多、產(chǎn)物選擇性低、催化活性不高等。 SO42/ZrO2型固體超強酸催化劑即為其中一種 ， 這種超強酸催化劑具有高催化活性、水熱穩(wěn)定性、產(chǎn)物與催化劑易分離、不腐蝕設(shè)備、不污染環(huán)境和重復(fù)使用等優(yōu)點。 利用化學(xué)共沉淀法制備磁性基質(zhì)，并與固體 酸氧化物復(fù)合 ， 合成既具有磁性又具有較高酸強度的 磁性固體酸催化劑。通過催化二苯甲醇與乙酸乙酰乙酯 等親核試劑的反應(yīng)，來檢測該催化劑的活性，并通過超強磁鐵來分離反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物與催化劑。結(jié)果表明該催化劑有很強的催化活性 ， 二苯甲醇與乙酰乙酸乙酯反應(yīng)產(chǎn)率可到 %。 .關(guān)鍵詞 : 磁性 固體酸 催化劑 氯氧化鋯 Study on the Preparation and Properties of SO42/ZrO2/Fe3O4/TiO2/Catalyst Abstract Solid superacid catalyst is a new type of catalyst materials which have been developed in recent yeas. This catalyst has been proved to be a very effective from the viewpoint of activity, selectivity and reusability in the preparation of various important chemicals which have a number of difficulties with homogeneous catalysts, and can overe such as corrosion, pollution, more vicereactions, difficult of separation,and low selectivity. SO42/ZrO2 is a kind of them, which has such advantages as high activity, hydrothermal stability, easy of separation of production with catalyst, noncorrosion and nonenvironment polluting. Magic matrix was prepared by chemical coprecipitation, then with solid acid oxide posite. The catalyst had high acid strength and magic. The activity of the catalyst was detected by catalytic reaction of benzhydrol with ethyl acetate and other affinity reagents. And through the super mag to separate the reaction product and catalyst. It was found that catalyst showed high catalytic performance. And the conversion rates of benzhydrol and ethylacetoacetate can up to %. Key word: magic。 solid acid catalyst。 zirconium oxide 目錄 1 引言 ................................................................................................................................. 1 固體酸催化劑 ...................................................................................................... 2 固體酸催化劑的組成 ............................................................................... 2 固體酸催化劑的定義 ............................................................................... 2 固體酸催化劑的優(yōu)點 ............................................................................... 3 固體酸催化劑的應(yīng)用 ............................................................................... 3 固體酸催化劑的分類 ............................................................................... 4 固體 酸 催化劑發(fā)展現(xiàn) 狀 ........................................................................... 5 固體催化劑的制備 .............................................................................................. 6 磁性基質(zhì)的合成方法 ............................................................................... 6 SO42/ZrO2/TiO2制備 ................................................................................ 6 催化反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物檢測方法 ...................................................................................... 7 薄層色譜法 ............................................................................................... 7 柱狀色譜法 ............................................................................................... 8 研究目的及意義 .................................................................................................. 9 2 實驗部分 ....................................................................................................................... 10 實驗藥品及儀器 ................................................................................................ 10 實驗步驟 ............................................................................................................ 11 磁性基質(zhì)的合成實驗過程 ..................................................................... 11 SO42/ZrO2/Fe3O4/TiO2磁性超強酸的合成 ........................................... 11 催化劑活性檢測 ................................................................................................ 13 乙酸與乙醇的反應(yīng) ................................................................................. 13 二苯甲醇和乙酰乙酸乙酯的反應(yīng) ......................................................... 13 二苯甲醇與對甲苯磺酰胺的反應(yīng) ......................................................... 13 實驗檢測操作 .................................................................................................... 14 薄層色譜檢測操作 ................................................................................. 14 柱層層析法檢測操作 ............................................................................. 14 3 結(jié)果與討論 ................................................................................................................... 16 磁性固體催化劑的制備 .................................................................................... 16 磁性基質(zhì)的制備 ..................................................................................... 16 SO42/ZrO2/Fe3O4/TiO2磁性超強酸的合成 ........................................... 16 催化反應(yīng) ............................................................................................................ 16 催化 乙酸和乙醇的反應(yīng) .......