【正文】 東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 學(xué)號： A0708254 機械傳動式壟向區(qū)田筑 擋 機的 設(shè)計與仿真 學(xué)生姓名：王榮輝 指導(dǎo)教師： 所在院系：工程學(xué)院 所學(xué)專業(yè)：機械設(shè)計制造及其自動化 研究方向：機械設(shè)計 東 北 農(nóng) 業(yè) 大 學(xué) 中國 哈爾濱 20xx 年 5 月 NEAU Bachelor Degree Thesis Number: A07080254 Design and simulation of mechanical driver type basin tillage dimming machine Student: Wang Ronghui Graduate Teacher: DaqingInstitute: Engineering Institute Specialty: Mechanical design manufacturing and automation Research direction: Machine design Northeast Agricultural University HarbinChina May 20xx機械傳動式壟向區(qū)田筑擋機的設(shè)計與仿真 I 摘 要 我國坡耕地占耕地總面積的 1/3，且水土流失嚴(yán)重。 針對水土流失日益 嚴(yán)重的問題提出采用壟向區(qū)田水土保護(hù)措施進(jìn)行治理。所謂 壟向區(qū)田 就是在坡耕地的壟溝內(nèi)或在平耕地作物間修筑小土 擋 ，將長長的壟溝或長長的行間截成許多 小區(qū)段，以土 擋 攔截降水，以小區(qū)段（淺穴）貯存雨水，直到淺穴中的雨水全部滲入土壤，成為土壤水或深層土壤水，地面便沒有了徑流，這樣就解決了強降雨和土壤滲透慢的矛盾 ， 避免土壤被徑流沖走，保證了土壤的結(jié)構(gòu)和肥力的有效性， 起到保水、保土、保肥的作用 。壟向區(qū)田是 最接近水土保持原則的措施， 其理念就是 “將每一滴雨 水保留在它降落的地方 ”。這樣 崗不旱、洼不澇，作物生長繁茂一致，必然會增產(chǎn)顯著。壟向區(qū)田技術(shù)對土 擋 尺寸、距離、攔蓄雨水的能力等在理論上進(jìn)行了分析、計算， 建立了 最佳 擋 距數(shù)學(xué)模型，提出了在生產(chǎn)中的農(nóng)藝要求和運用技術(shù)，并經(jīng)過了生產(chǎn)實踐的驗證。 針對 壟向區(qū)田筑 擋 技術(shù)， 機電式壟向區(qū)田筑 擋 機 被發(fā)明并設(shè)計出來 ，近而在機電式壟向區(qū)田筑 擋 機的基礎(chǔ)上提出了機械控制筑 擋 機的可行性，并設(shè)計了機械式壟向區(qū)田筑擋 機。在 對 其結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理的 分析的 基礎(chǔ)上，對筑 擋 機各部件進(jìn)行了受力分析，并且對主要部件進(jìn)行了參數(shù)上的設(shè)計與仿真。 關(guān)鍵詞： 壟向 區(qū)田技術(shù)；機械 傳動 式 壟向區(qū)田 筑 擋 機；參數(shù)設(shè)計；仿真。 機械傳動式壟向區(qū)田筑擋機的設(shè)計與仿真 II Design and simulation of mechanical driver type basin tillage dimming machine Abstract Slope farmland possesses one third of the total area of cultivated land in China ,and the soil erosion problem is very serious now. Adopting the soil and water conservation measures of ridge pitting field is proposed to manage, aiming at the increasingly serious problem of soil and water loss. The socalled ridge pitting field is to build small solid dyke in the furrows of slope farmlands or between the crops on the flat farmlands, cutting the long furrows or the line spacing into a lot of sections, then the solid dykes could intercept the precipitations, and the sections(shallow holes) can also keep the rainwater in storage, until the rainwater in the shallow holes seep into the soil pletely and bee soil water or deep soil water, in this way, there is no runoff on the ground, and the contradiction between heavy rainfall and slow soil infiltration is solved like this, so that it can avoid the soil from being washed away by runoff, with ensuring the effectiveness of the structure and fertility of soil, making the water, soil and fertilizer conservation all work. Ridge pitting field technology is the closest measure of the principles of soil and water conservation, the idea is to “keep each raindrop in the place where it lands”. In this way, hillocks can not be arid nor hollows can be waterlogged, and the crops are lush consistent which certainly causes a significant growth. The ridge pitting field technology analyzed and calculated the size, distance and the ability to retain rainwater of the small dykes and so on in theory, and mathematical models of optimal dyke space were set up, agronomic requirements and applied techniques in production were also proposed, which were validated in the productive practice. Aiming at ridge pitting field technology, electromechanical basin tillage dimming machine was invented and designed, and then, feasibility of basin tillage dimming machine of mechanical control was put forward based on the electromechanical basin tillage dimming machine, after that, mechanical electromechanical basin tillage dimming machine was designed. On the basis of analysis on its structure and operational principles, force analysis on the parts of basin tillage dimming machine was investigated, furthermore, designed and simulated the main parts of the machine in parameter. Key words: Ridge pitting field technology； Mechanical driver type basin tillage dimming machine； Design in parameter； Simulation. 機械傳動式壟向區(qū)田筑擋機的設(shè)計與仿真 III 目 錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................. I Abstract ........................................................................................................................... II 1 前言 ............................................................................................................................. 1 本研究的目的與意義 ......................................................................................... 1 壟向區(qū)田的技術(shù)原理 ............................................................................... 1 壟向區(qū)田的應(yīng)用時間 ............................................................................... 1 壟向區(qū)田技術(shù)的應(yīng)用范圍 ........................................................................ 1 研究機械傳動式壟向區(qū)田筑擋機的意義 ..........................................