【正文】 商丘學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) I 摘 要 此篇論文主要是根據(jù)大學(xué)教室中燈的日常使用情況以及教室對(duì)燈光的需求這些問(wèn)題，研究并設(shè)計(jì)出了一種基于單片機(jī)控制的室內(nèi)燈光智能控制系統(tǒng)。此控制系統(tǒng)的核心部件就是 AT89S51 單片機(jī)，系統(tǒng)利用熱釋紅外人體傳感器這個(gè)器件來(lái)對(duì)人體的是否存在進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，并且利用光敏三極管組成的電路對(duì)室內(nèi)的自然光照強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)；此控制系統(tǒng)根據(jù)教室對(duì)光照的需求來(lái)進(jìn)行合理的控制燈的關(guān)閉與打開，首先，它先通過(guò)對(duì)人體存在的信號(hào)以及室內(nèi)光照強(qiáng)度信號(hào)進(jìn)行綜合的分析與判斷，對(duì)信號(hào)的處理以后，通過(guò)系統(tǒng)的反饋來(lái)完成對(duì)教室內(nèi)的燈光的智能控制，這樣就 大大減少了教室用電的浪費(fèi)。此外系統(tǒng)還具備了報(bào)警功能；并且它還采用了軟 /硬件的 “看門狗 ”，它可以增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力。該系統(tǒng)能夠達(dá)到各種院校對(duì)教室燈光控制的要求，最 終 就可以達(dá)到節(jié)能的目的。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 單片機(jī)；智能控制；熱釋紅外傳感器； X5045 商丘學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) II Abstract Cipian thesis is based on the university classroom in light of daily usage and the demand for classroom lighting these issues, research and design of indoor lighting intelligent control system based on microprocessor controlled. Core ponents of this control system is AT89S51 microcontroller, the system uses the human body pyroelectric infrared sensor this device to the human body to detect the existence and use of the circuit phototransistor of the indoor natural light intensity is detected。 this control system according to classroom to Light needs to be closed and an open and reasonable control of light, first, that the first signal by the presence of the human body and interior light intensity signal integrated analysis and determine the future of the signal processing by the feedback system to plete the classroom lighting within the intelligent control, thus greatly reducing the waste of electricity classroom. In addition the system also has the alarm function。 and it uses a hardware / software watchdog, it can enhance the antijamming capability. The system can achieve a variety of institutions for classroom lighting control requirements, most mechanized can save energy. Keywords : SCM。 intelligent control。 pyroelectric infrared sensor。 X5045 商丘學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) III 目 錄 1 緒論 ........................................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究的目的與意義 ................................................................................................. 1 采用智能照明控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì) ..................................................................................... 1 智能照明控制系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................... 2 2 教室燈光控制器簡(jiǎn)介與方案分析 ........................................................................................... 2 大學(xué)教室照明控制現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................... 2 教室燈光控制器簡(jiǎn)介 ....................................................................................................... 2 系統(tǒng)控制方案分析 ........................................................................................................... 2 本章小節(jié) ........................................................................................................................... 3 3 系統(tǒng)控制模塊的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)控制模塊的硬件構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................... 3 系統(tǒng)控制的主要硬件電路 ............................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)主控電路 ......................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)供電電路 ......................................................................................................... 5 系統(tǒng)復(fù)位電路 ......................................................................................................... 6 數(shù)據(jù)采集電路 ......................................................................................................... 7 系統(tǒng)時(shí)鐘電路 ....................................................................................................... 10 繼電器驅(qū)動(dòng)電路 ................................................................................................... 11 蜂鳴報(bào)警電路 ....................................................................................................... 12 按鍵控制電路 ....................................................................................................... 13 4 控制模塊軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................. 13 系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控主程序模塊 ...................................................................................................... 14 系統(tǒng)自檢初始化 ................................................................................................... 14 定時(shí)中斷處理設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................... 14 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊 ................................................................................................................. 15 人體存在傳感器的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ................................................................................... 15 數(shù)據(jù)采集軟件的實(shí)現(xiàn) ........................................................................................... 15 人體存在傳感器的抗干擾措施 ........................................................................... 16 商丘學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) IV 人體存在傳感器 的安裝要求 ............................................................................... 17 時(shí)鐘模塊 ......................................................................................................................... 17 數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出 ....................................................................................................... 17 時(shí)鐘自檢初始化 ................................................................................................... 18 時(shí)鐘程序設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 20 系統(tǒng)工作總流程 ............................................................................................................. 21 本章小節(jié) ..........................................................................