【正文】 學士學位論 文 汽車路面水位過高車窗 開啟提示裝置的設計 學 士 學 位 論 文 BACHELOR ’S THESIS 中文摘要 汽車在積水路面行駛，當路面水位過高時，可能導致汽車電源故障而使汽車無法打開車窗， 2020年北京的大雨使這一事故隱患突出暴露，并導致多人因汽車無法打開車窗窒息死亡。 人們在面對類似問題比較傾向于自我警示和自我防范，主要的原因在于目前的購車方和開發(fā)商對車輛的追求主要是車輛的性能和油耗，而對車輛電子類產(chǎn)品則往往追求其娛樂 性，忽 略了安全警示功能的拓展。 因此，研究一套汽車路面水位過高車窗開啟提示裝置有較高的實用價值。論文結(jié)合汽車的 實際需要設計出來了水位傳感器的具體安裝位置和備選方案，設計出了汽車路面水位過高車窗開啟提示裝置的總體方案和仿真程序及測試波形，對汽車路面水位過高的各種情況進行了分析，對各個組成模塊進行了闡述，并重點對信息處理單元進行了剖析。另外，還借用了一種漸響式報警器的方案供參考使用。汽車路面水位過高車窗開啟提示裝置的研究可以說在安全提示設計方面是個突破，使駕駛更加安全可靠。 關鍵詞： 水位過高 。車窗 。提示開啟 。傳感器 。安全 Abstract Cars traveling in the puddles when the road water level is too high, which may cause the automobile power failure and so people can not open vehicle’s windows. The heavy rain in 2020 made this potential accidents prominent exposure. People in the face of similar problems always tend to selfexamination and selfprotection. The main reason is that the current car buying and developers mainly focus on vehicle performance and fuel consumption. In face of vehicle electronic products, people 學 士 學 位 論 文 BACHELOR ’S THESIS 2 always concern it’s entertaining。 ignoring developing of security warning function. And it causes many cars fail to open the windows suffocation. Therefore, the study of a set of road’s high level water windows opening device has a high practical value. According to the actual needs of automobile, this paper has designed out of the water level sensor installation location and alternatives. Research of the device also designed the scheme and simulation program and test waveform of the automobile road in high water level window opening device. The paper analyzed all kinds of automobile pavement in high water level, stated all modules of the device. In addition, the device also borrowed a gradually ringing alarm program for reference use. And emphatically analyze the information processing unit. Automobile road in high water level window opening of prompting device can be added in the safety design is a breakthrough, make driving more safe and reliable. Key words: High water level, car window, prompt opening device, the water level sensor, safety 學 士 學 位 論 文 BACHELOR ’S THESIS 3 目 錄 中文摘要 ........................................................................................................................ 1 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. 1 1 引言 ............................................................................................................................. 1 研究概述 ................................................................................................................ 1 研究現(xiàn)狀與進展 ..................................................................................................... 2 研究內(nèi)容和思路 ..................................................................................................... 2 研究的目標和擬解決的關鍵技術 ............................................................................. 3 2 提示裝置的設計方案 ................................................................................................ 4 汽車路面水位過高的安全隱患 ................................................................................ 4 汽車蓄電池 ..................................................................................................... 5 電容式液位限位傳感器 .................................................................................... 6 進氣口與排氣管（備選方案） ......................................................................... 7 設計方案 ................................................................................................................ 9 3 提示裝置的電路設計 .............................................................................................. 13 QUARTUS II ..................................................................................... 13 Quartus II 軟件簡介 ........................................................................... 13 Quartus II 軟件設計步驟 ............................................................................ 14 硬件電路的設計 ................................................................................................... 16 設計要求 ....................................................................................................... 16 設計步驟 ....................................................................................................... 16 ..................................................................................................................... 19 4 系統(tǒng)仿真測試 .......................................................................................................... 20 軟件仿真測試 ....................................................................................................... 20 波形分析與討論 ................................................................................................... 21 5 總結(jié) .............................................................................................................