【正文】 遼寧科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文 65 萬噸 電爐煉鋼車間設(shè)計(jì) 材料與冶金學(xué)院 指導(dǎo)老師： 遼寧科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文 I 摘 要 電爐短流程鋼廠 與 轉(zhuǎn)爐長(zhǎng)流程鋼廠 相比， 在占地、投資、節(jié)能、環(huán)保等方面都 有優(yōu)勢(shì) ，電爐鋼比 逐年提高是 冶金工業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。中國(guó)鋼鐵業(yè)存在 的問題有 設(shè)備老化、普通鋼生產(chǎn)過剩 、 生產(chǎn)率低，而優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量 欠佳、 生產(chǎn)能力 薄弱 等； 再加上 中國(guó)廢鋼資源不足，電爐鋼比一直 處于 較低水平， 相比 西方主要產(chǎn)鋼國(guó)存在 一定 差距。 隨著電弧爐采用高功率或超高功率，爐外精煉、連續(xù)鑄鋼，連續(xù)軋鋼等一系列技術(shù)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)廢鋼資源的足量累計(jì) ， 直接還原技術(shù)的開發(fā)，二次精煉技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，電力工業(yè)的發(fā)展，電弧爐生產(chǎn)成本會(huì)相對(duì)下降 ， 國(guó)家對(duì)能源、資源和環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的進(jìn)一步提高及管理的加強(qiáng)，電爐煉鋼有著更加廣闊的發(fā)展空間， 電爐鋼 在鋼產(chǎn)量上的 比例增長(zhǎng)勢(shì) 頭 不會(huì)改變。 通過查閱國(guó)內(nèi) 外 電爐車間設(shè)計(jì)的文獻(xiàn)資料， 閱讀有關(guān)書籍， 并向老師請(qǐng)教 完成了本次設(shè)計(jì) 。包括 產(chǎn)品大綱 的 制定；電爐、 爐外精煉、 連鑄 的論證 ；然后進(jìn)行配料計(jì)算， 選擇合適設(shè)備 ；最后繪出電爐的剖面圖 和 電爐車間的平面布置圖 。 關(guān)鍵字 ： 電弧爐；車間設(shè)計(jì)；超高功率；連鑄； 爐外 精煉 遼寧科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文 II ABSTRACT Compared with the long steel mill, the short process steel plant of the electric furnace has advantages in the area of the area, investment, energy saving and environmental protection. The electric furnace steel is the development trend of the metallurgical industry.. Problems existed in the Chinese iron and steel industry of aging equipment, ordinary steel overproduction, low productivity, and poor quality of the high quality steel products, production capacity is weak, coupled with the lack of scrap resources in China, the electric furnace steel than has been in a low level, pared to the western major steel producing countries, there is a certain the electric arc furnace with high power and ultra high power, refining, continuous casting, continuous rolling and a series of technical development and social scrap resources adequate amounts of accumulated development of direct reduction technology, rapid development of secondary refining technology, the development of electric power industry, electric arc furnace production cost will decline relative, countries on energy, resources and environmental standards to further improve the management and strengthen, EAF steel making has a broader space for development, electric furnace steel in steel output in the proportion of growth momentum will not the review of domestic and foreign electric furnace workshop design literature, read about books, and to the teacher to consult the pletion of the design. Including the formulation of product outline。 furnace, refining, continuous casting, material balance and heat balance calculation。 then ingredients calculation, calculation and selection of suitable equipment。 finally draw the furnace profile and electric furnace workshop layout. Keywords: electric arc furnace。 plant design。 ultrahigh power。 continuous casting。 furnace outer refining 遼寧科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文 III 目錄 1 概述 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 鋼鐵工業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................................ 1 電弧煉鋼廠 ................................................................................................................ 2 煉鋼廠生產(chǎn)規(guī)模與物料平衡 .................................................................................... 3 煉鋼廠生產(chǎn)規(guī)模與產(chǎn)品大綱 ........................................................................ 3 煉鋼廠的物料平衡 ........................................................................................ 3 煉鋼車間設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容 ................................................................................................ 4 2 設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定 ............................................................................................................... 6 產(chǎn)品大綱的制定 ........................................................................................................ 6 產(chǎn)品大綱 ........................................................................................................ 6 制定產(chǎn)品大綱的依據(jù) .................................................................................... 6 鋼種的特性以及用途 .................................................................................... 7 工藝方案與工藝流程的選擇 .................................................................................... 8 爐容量與座數(shù)的確定 .................................................................................... 8 工藝方法與工藝流程的選擇與論證 ............................................................ 9 車間生產(chǎn)能力核算及主要原材料的消耗 .................................................. 15 車間組成和工藝布置 .................................................................................. 15 3 車間物料 與熱平衡及主要經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)指標(biāo) .............................................................. 18 物料平衡計(jì)算 .......................................................................................................... 18 熱平衡計(jì)算 .............................................................................................................. 28 主要技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) .................................................................................................. 32 4 車 間主體設(shè)備的計(jì)算 ................................................................................................... 34 電弧爐的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................................... 34 爐型的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................. 34 變壓器的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 38 石 墨電極的選用 .......................................................................................... 39 水冷爐壁的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 39 遼寧科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文 IV 電弧爐主要技術(shù)參數(shù) .................................................................................. 41 連續(xù)加料裝置的設(shè)計(jì) ......................................... 42 鋼包尺寸的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................