外文翻譯---捕獲土建工程質(zhì)量事故的成本(已修改)
2025-06-01 09:40 本頁面
【正文】 Capturing the Cost of Quality Failures in Civil Engineering Hamzah AbdulRahman (University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology) INTRODUCTION One reason which relates quality (conformance to requirements) to a firm39。s survival, is increased customer expectations — an organization must provide the products/services to fulfill the requirements of the client[l]. Another is the costs incurred due to operation and product failures。 a firm should not spend more than what is normally required to meet the client39。s requirements。 this is especially true in the present petitive market. These costs, known as quality costs, are known to be capable of reduction in repetitive processes and in the controlled environment of manufacturing industries. The usefulness and importance of knowing the cost of quality in manufacturing is well known. This is not so in the construction industry. Since there are differences in the nature and haracteristics of the processes and environments of the two industries, it is difficult to assess whether similar quality cost concepts can be used in construction. One can only speculate that if the manufacturing and service industries can benefit from quantifying quality costs then there should also be benefit to construction. Theoretically it seems easy to apply the quality costs concepts into the design and construction phases of a civil engineering project. In practice, it is quite plex and can be difficult. This article attempts to address the concept of quality cost, especially as an aid to identifying and reducing failures during construction of civil engineering projects. The aims of this article are to: (1) generate an awareness of the designandconstruction caused failures。 (2) provide an insight into the potential of using quality cost in civil engineering construction。 (3) illustrate by a case study how failure costs can be captured and used in a civil engineering contract。 (4) remend that quality cost information be used in managing civil engineering works. FAILURE EVENTS IN CONSTRUCTION The Building Research Establishment (BRE) found that errors in buildings had 50 per cent of their origin in the design stage and 40 per cent in the construction stage. In a National Economic Development Office (NEDO) survey, aime
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