【正文】 高 級(jí)口譯 翻譯 篇 1. 高級(jí)口譯翻譯數(shù)字理論 2. 高級(jí)口譯現(xiàn)行評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 3. 英譯漢翻譯技能 4. 漢譯英翻譯重點(diǎn) 5. 高級(jí)口譯翻譯十大原則和十大經(jīng)典句型 第一章 高級(jí)口譯翻譯數(shù)字理論 Appropriateness 注：（╳表示錯(cuò)誤示范，╱表示正確示范） 舒舍予，字老舍，現(xiàn)年四十歲，面黃無須。 I have a yellow face. ╳ I have a pale face. ╳ I have a withered plexion. ╱ Background economic equality 經(jīng)濟(jì)平等 ╳ 經(jīng)濟(jì)均衡化 ╱ efficiency Vs effectiveness 效率 Vs 效能 performance 績(jī)效 我宣布??開幕了 I declare … open╳ I declare the mencement of … ╳ … is herewith inaugurated .╱ meeting 非正式會(huì)議 conference 正式大型會(huì)議 session 特定主題專業(yè)會(huì)議 Culture White elephant 白象 請(qǐng)?jiān)笗? round robin Diversification think tank 智囊團(tuán) Expressiveness Faithfulness Gracefulness 第二章 高級(jí)口譯評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1) Wording Accuracy 2) Phrase Accuracy 3) Paraphrasing Nativeness Swallowing small panies, the big media corporations will be able to control what Americans read and watch. 4) Sequence Coherency My father is a good teacher who is kind to his students. 由于我父親對(duì)學(xué)生好，他是一個(gè)好老師 5) Spelling, Punctuation and Tense 拼寫：拼錯(cuò)一個(gè)單詞扣一分，同樣的錯(cuò)誤不扣分 時(shí)態(tài)舉例： 中國(guó)人民一直希望世界太平。 The Chinese people are always loving world peace. 時(shí)態(tài)重點(diǎn)詞 would would 表示意愿 I would be only too glad to help you. 表示一種特人的行為 That?s just what he would say. It would rain on the day we chose for a piic. so that… would 表示目的、結(jié)果 so that + can will may （現(xiàn)在 /過去時(shí)態(tài)）表示目的 She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them. 總結(jié)： 第 5 點(diǎn)考察考生硬功，約占比例 80% 第 4 點(diǎn)考察考生軟功，需在平日不斷積累 第三章 英譯漢翻譯技能 直譯 是指 在譯入語(yǔ)條件許可的前提下，在譯文中既表達(dá)原文的思想內(nèi)容，又保留原文的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式 直譯：一針及時(shí)省九針 意譯：事半功倍 意譯 是指 譯文能正確表達(dá)原文的思想內(nèi)容，但不必拘泥于原文的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式 。 原則：能夠直譯的不要意譯 加注 (Annotation)通常是外來語(yǔ) 音譯加注 1) pizza 2) Toyota 3) Sahara 4) Sauna 5) AIDS 6) Jazz 7) In my Walter Mitty dreams I am a prima ballerina. 8) He did it a Jordan. 9) It was Friday and soon they?d go out and get drink. 10) He pretended to be a Thursday VIP and fit in with the local munity quite well. 直譯加注 Zero Ground Sesame Street Oval Office specified risk material 高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)物質(zhì) tabloid tree hugger 極端環(huán)保主義者 rock 石毒 But I am shorttempered, frazzled from all responsibilities. I am the “sandwich generation”, caught between kids and parents. 但我的脾氣不好，都是這些事給煩的。我是個(gè)夾在孩子和父母之間的“ 三明治人 ”。 He suggested that a trulyinclusive politicallycorrect pronoun would be “s/h/it”. 他建議，真正既全面又符合政治正確性的代詞應(yīng)是“ 她或他或它 ”。 You told me the other day that you were going to write anything about him yourself. It would be rather like a dog in the manger to keep to yourself a whole lot of material that you have no intention of using. 前些日子，你告訴我你自己不打算寫有關(guān)他的任何東西，可你卻又占著大批資料自己不用，這豈不是 狗占馬槽 （ 太自私了 ）了嗎？ The favors of Government are like the box of Pandora, with this important difference that rarely leave hope at bottom. 政府的恩惠如同 潘多拉的盒子 ，（ 后患無窮 ），主要不同之處是：盒底很少留有希望。 People considered that what he had played on that occasion was no more than a Judas kiss. 人們認(rèn)為他在那種場(chǎng)合所表演的不過是猶大之吻，（ 居心險(xiǎn)惡 ）。 A measure of privatization of adoption is called for, with a diminution in the powers of ideological apartheiders of the Nanny State. 隨著“ 保姆國(guó)家 ”（福利國(guó)家的貶稱）中那些思想上支持種族隔離的人的勢(shì)力的減弱，人們要求在收養(yǎng)方面有一定程度的民間化。 We might look upon the glory of our Rust Belt states, where there are hundreds of vast steel mills that are at least 40 years out of date and also spew smoke that causes acid rain. 我們可以看一下我們的 鐵銹帶（） 昔日的“榮耀”，那里有幾百家落伍至少四十年的大型鋼鐵廠，至今還噴吐著能夠引起酸雨的濃煙。 釋義 (Paraphrase) 釋義 是指 舍棄原文的具體表達(dá)形式和比喻形象，采取解釋性的方法譯出原文的意思 。 1) Bill?s new girlfriend is certainly a knockout. 尤物 2) I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse. 內(nèi)奸 3) The weather forecast seems to be accurate. No sooner had I fortunately e back home than rain poured cats and dogs.—— touchwood. 老天保佑 4) Don?t you think it?s weird for a husband to appreciate his pinups with his wife? 美女照 5) He was smooth and agreeable. 八面玲瓏 6) What is known is that weight extremes in either direction are definitely unhealthy. 過度的肥胖或消瘦 7) He acts a lot older than his years. 少年老成 8) The kid went through fire and flood to save his mother. 赴湯蹈火 9) Mary is now between the devil and the deep sea on dealing with her job. 進(jìn)退維谷 10) That fellow is always an easygoing guy. He always throws her cares to the winds. 無憂無慮；把煩惱拋至九霄云外 11) The young girl thumbed her way to the passing cars. 搭車 增詞 (Amplification) 增詞 指 翻譯時(shí)常常有必要在譯文的詞量上作適當(dāng)?shù)脑黾?，使譯文既能忠實(shí)地傳達(dá)原文的內(nèi)容和風(fēng)格，又能符合譯入語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣 。 １、根據(jù)背景知識(shí)增補(bǔ) 1) 世紀(jì)偉人鄧小平 Mr. Deng Xiaoping, one of the great figures in the twentieth century 2) 班門弄斧 show off one?s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter 3) 三個(gè)臭皮匠，勝過諸葛亮。 The wit of three cobblers bined surpasses Zhuge Liang, the master mind. ２、根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系需要增補(bǔ) 漢語(yǔ)重義合、英語(yǔ)重形合。 增加連詞成分 ３、根據(jù)語(yǔ)法需要增補(bǔ) １）增加量詞 an elephant a martial music Soon the whole sky is azure and flaming. 不一會(huì)兒，萬里晴空已是一片火紅。 ２）增加時(shí)、體和語(yǔ)氣 （重點(diǎn)） Yesterday evening I had seen her on her knees in front of the house. 昨天夜晚我 曾 看見她跪在房子前面。 The research work is being done by a small group of dedicated and imaginative scientists who specialize in extracting from various sea animals substances that may improve the health of the human race. 正在進(jìn)行 The surgeons weren’t sure how long my new joints would last. But they’re holding up fine. 那些外科醫(yī)生 （當(dāng)時(shí)） 不能肯定我的新關(guān)節(jié)可以維持多久，但是它 們 （至今還是） 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好。 It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily e to church. 既然我來教堂出于自愿，僅僅為了禮貌起見，我 （本應(yīng)當(dāng)） 和大家一起下跪。 She would spend hours dressing herself in fine clothes, and brushing her black hair. Then she would stand by the mirror and admire herself. 她 （總是） 要花好幾個(gè)小時(shí)為自己盛裝打扮，梳理她烏黑的頭發(fā)。之后她還 （常常） 照著鏡子自我欣賞一番。 I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness of parenthood and the love of eight chil