【正文】 The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever. After all, China and Cuba and other targets of . –led criticism in the mittee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington. 畢竟中國、古巴等一些在人權(quán)委員會中受到以美國為首批評的國 家， 總是 投票或游說反對美國政府。 The meeting will begin ceremoniously in Beijing the following September. ①他每晚②都在圖書館③用心讀書。 1) 我們 明天上午九時 動身。波羅曾這樣敘述他印象中的杭州：“這是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人覺得自己是在天堂。 a. The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. b. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. 5) 在同新聞界談話的時候，上海人使用越來越多的最高級形容詞。 Storms gather without warning in nature and bad luck befalls men overnight. 真是太荒謬了。 It?s blowing hard. 用勞動實現(xiàn)自己的理想，用理想指導(dǎo)自己的勞動。 英語是主語顯著語，英語構(gòu)建在主謂軸上，確定主謂語是成功構(gòu)句、保證譯文與原文功能相似、語意相符的關(guān)鍵。 3) Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants. 離公園幾個街區(qū)便是與公園平行的克萊門特街。 ? 單詞分譯 單詞分譯 是指 把原文中的一個單詞分譯成一個句子 。這時，就有必要 借用漢語中意義相同或相近、且具有自己鮮明文化色彩的表達法 對原文加以 歸化 。 （注意：在此 been 可以刪除，四大趨勢的詞都可同樣使用） Over 700 of the world?s finest footballers were gathered in Japan and South Korea for the 17th World Cup tournament. 700 多名世界頂尖足球運動員 聚集 在日本和韓國參加第 17 屆世界杯比賽。 ? 英語反面表達轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語正面表達 I adhered to all the courtesies I had been taught. This frustrated my son to no end. 我遵從所有我學(xué)過的禮貌和規(guī)矩，這使我兒子 大為 失望。 ? 英語正面表達轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語反面表達 frostfree refrigerator 無霜冰箱 dutyfree zone 免稅區(qū) carefree 無憂無慮的 Wet paint! 油漆未干！ Stop talking nonsense! 別胡扯了！ He yelled “Freeze!” 他大喝一聲：“不許動！” Keep off the lawn! 請勿踐踏草坪！ I failed to understand your meaning. 我弄不懂你的意思。 but she could not have trusted herself to speak. 她 雖沒有完全失去 鎮(zhèn)靜 ，可是卻又找不出話可說。 7) under 客觀的具有； under the policy under the assumption 中國政府無義務(wù)承諾 The Chinese government is under no obligation to 8） during 趕上 During the 10th anniversary of our corporation?s founding, I?d like to have 35% off the original price. 3. 形容詞和副詞互轉(zhuǎn) Our government shows great concern for the Chinese residents abroad. 我國政府十分關(guān)心海外僑胞。 My suggestion is that he should quit smoking at once. 我建議 他立刻戒煙。 We can not discover any material in an element but itself. 在一個元素里，除元素本身外，不 可能再發(fā)現(xiàn)其他物質(zhì)。 We have to do our utmost to ameliorate the backwardness of our nation. 我們必須全力以赴改變國家的落后面貌。 Longstemmed models ankled through the lobby. 身材修長的模特 裊裊 婷婷地 從廳中走過。之后她還 （常常） 照著鏡子自我欣賞一番。 1) Bill?s new girlfriend is certainly a knockout. 尤物 2) I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse. 內(nèi)奸 3) The weather forecast seems to be accurate. No sooner had I fortunately e back home than rain poured cats and dogs.—— touchwood. 老天保佑 4) Don?t you think it?s weird for a husband to appreciate his pinups with his wife? 美女照 5) He was smooth and agreeable. 八面玲瓏 6) What is known is that weight extremes in either direction are definitely unhealthy. 過度的肥胖或消瘦 7) He acts a lot older than his years. 少年老成 8) The kid went through fire and flood to save his mother. 赴湯蹈火 9) Mary is now between the devil and the deep sea on dealing with her job. 進退維谷 10) That fellow is always an easygoing guy. He always throws her cares to the winds. 無憂無慮；把煩惱拋至九霄云外 11) The young girl thumbed her way to the passing cars. 搭車 增詞 (Amplification) 增詞 指 翻譯時常常有必要在譯文的詞量上作適當?shù)脑黾樱棺g文既能忠實地傳達原文的內(nèi)容和風(fēng)格，又能符合譯入語的表達習(xí)慣 。 原則：能夠直譯的不要意譯 加注 (Annotation)通常是外來語 音譯加注 1) pizza 2) Toyota 3) Sahara 4) Sauna 5) AIDS 6) Jazz 7) In my Walter Mitty dreams I am a prima ballerina. 8) He did it a Jordan. 9) It was Friday and soon they?d go out and get drink. 10) He pretended to be a Thursday VIP and fit in with the local munity quite well. 直譯加注 Zero Ground Sesame Street Oval Office specified risk material 高風(fēng)險物質(zhì) tabloid tree hugger 極端環(huán)保主義者 rock 石毒 But I am shorttempered, frazzled from all responsibilities. I am the “sandwich generation”, caught between kids and parents. 但我的脾氣不好，都是這些事給煩的。我是個夾在孩子和父母之間的“ 三明治人 ”。 １、根據(jù)背景知識增補 1) 世紀偉人鄧小平 Mr. Deng Xiaoping, one of the great figures in the twentieth century 2) 班門弄斧 show off one?s proficiency with axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter 3) 三個臭皮匠，勝過諸葛亮。 I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness of parenthood and the love of eight children. 我有幸 （先后） 獲得兩位美麗賢惠的妻子帶來的幸福，體驗過為人之父的樂趣和八個子女的 愛。 具體譯法 所謂 具體譯法 ，就是 在翻譯過程中把原文中抽象或比較抽象的單詞、詞組、成語或句子用具體或比較具體的單詞、詞組、成語或句子來進行翻譯，從而消除或降低語言差別給翻譯帶來的損失，使譯文產(chǎn)生與原文同樣的效果 。 John?s lightheartedness, however, did not last long. 然而，約翰這種輕松愉悅的心情沒有 持續(xù)很久。 I framed the words in my mind, “Pardon me, but have I done something to offend you?” 我心里在嘀咕：“對不起，我做了什么事冒犯了您？” As it is late, let us go to ，睡吧 代詞省略 —— 抽象代詞、泛指代詞 1） 有些做賓語的代詞 I am going to have it. 我想去吃 2） 泛指的英語人稱代詞做主語 3） 指代抽象名詞的代詞 Ford?s basic wage of $5 a day caused not only a wage explosion in the city, it also caused a population explosion. 4） 物主代詞 5） 形式主語和形式賓語 it 從修飾角度進行減省 The hardest part of any big project is to begin. 任何一個大項目最艱難的是起步。 opinion thought objection refusal declaration declination proposal suggestion hope wish dream dread afraid worry 2)“七感”以及衍生名詞 For millions of immigrants, the Statue of Liberty was their first sight of the promising land. 數(shù)百萬移民一踏上這塊希望的土地，第一眼看到的是自由女神像。 4. 動詞到名詞 Our proposal was warmly weled by all the representatives. 我們的提議得到了全體代表的熱烈歡迎。 Brussels fell to him on September 3 and Antwerp the next day. 他 于 9 月 3 日攻克了 布魯塞爾 ，次日又拿下了 安特衛(wèi)普 。 The coffee is too sweet to bear. 咖啡甜得讓人受不了。 You can’t be too careful. 你越仔細越好。 3） 主被交換 a) 主語 +謂語 +狀語 結(jié)構(gòu)的被動句，結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整為： 狀語 +謂語 +賓語（原主語） ， Movies were first made in Hollywood before WWI. 一戰(zhàn)前