教師職業(yè)倦怠的現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素外文翻譯(已修改)
2025-06-01 01:51 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 1 外文翻譯： 原文 1 Personality hardiness, job involvement and job burnout among teachers Burnout syndrome occurs in response to prolonged stress at work place. Burnout is mon among those who are unable to cope with extensive demands and pressure on their energy, time, and resources and those who require frequent contact with people. The term “ burnout” originated during the 1960?s as a description of the effect of drug abuse on an individual (Golembiewski, 1993). However, it lacked definitional clarity until the development of a widely accepted instrument for its measurement, the Maslach burnout inventory. Maslach and Jackson (1981) defined burnout as a condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and loss of a sense of personal acplishment. Similarly there has been diverse evidence from scholars on the occurrence of burnout. For example, Maslach and Leiter (1999) indicated that burnout occurs when work load is bined with lack of personal control, insufficient rewards, the absence of fairness, the breakdown of the working munity, or conflicting values. Lee and Ashforth (1996) identified work load and time pressure as antecedents of burnout. Numerous work related factors have been found to be associated with burnout among teachers, including excessive time pressure, poor relationships with colleagues, large classes, lack of resources, fear of violence, behavioral problems of pupils, role ambiguity and role conflict, poor opportunities for promotion, lack of support, and lack of participation in decisionmaking (Abel and Sewell, 1999。 Fimian and Blanton, 1987。 Friedman, 1991。 Wolpin et al., 1991). Researchers found that burnout negatively impacts employees? job attitudes and leads to undesirable behaviors, such as lower job involvement, reduced task performance, and increased turnover intentions (Jackson and Maslach, 1982。 Leiter and Maslach, 1988。 Motowidlo and Packard, 1986。 Shirom, 1989。 Wright and Bot,1997。 Wright and Cropanzano, 1998). This study intends to explore the relationship and effects of job involvement and personality hardiness on burnout. 2 During the last few years, some personality variables have attracted the attention of researchers in correlation of job stress and burnout. Despite a mon acknowledgement that personality factors play a critical role in mediating stress, these factors have been overlooked in majority of empirical studies on stress. A notable exception has been a series of studies carried out by Kobasa (1979。 1982a,). Kobasa et al. (1982) explored the concept of “personality hardiness” as a resistance resource that mediates the negative consequences o
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