【正文】 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 《 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 》 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 院 系 ： 電子電氣工程學(xué)院 學(xué) 號 ： 021309208 姓 名 ： 吳驍奕 指導(dǎo)教師 ： 曾國輝 完成時間： 2020/2/15 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 A Flexible LED Driver for Automotive Lighting Applications: IC Design and Experimental Characterization 一個靈活的 LED驅(qū)動汽車照明應(yīng)用 :集成電路設(shè)計和實驗特征 Abstract—This letter presents a smart driver for LEDs, particularly 摘要：這文章提出了一個智能驅(qū)動發(fā)光二極管 ， for automotive lighting applications, which avoid ringing 尤其是用于避免振蕩和超調(diào)現(xiàn)象的汽車照明應(yīng)用上 ， and overshoot phenomena. To this aim, advanced Soft Start and 為了這個目的，在芯片上集成了優(yōu)化軟啟動和電流升降控制技術(shù) 。 Current Slope Control techniques are integrated onchip. This letter 這篇文章討論了設(shè)計于集合 于高電壓的互補(bǔ)金屬氧化半導(dǎo)體上的驅(qū)動技術(shù)， discusses the driver design integrating in high voltage CMOS technology, the digital circuitry for programming and electronic 用于編程和電子控制單元連接的數(shù)字電路以及功率元件提高到 10瓦特。 control units interfacing, and the power devices up to 10W. Experimental 同時 也展示了不同功率等級使用的發(fā)光二極管和與不同類型的連接時的實驗特征。 characterizations with LEDs of different power levels and with different types of connections are showed. The smart driver 這個智能的驅(qū)動適用于可調(diào)節(jié)的溫度和電壓需求。 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 sustains automotive temperature and voltage requirements。 moreover 此外 ，它有很高的 功率效率，它是可編程的，還可以配置用于線性的調(diào)節(jié)器 。 it has high power efficiency, it is programmable, and can be configured to work as a linear regulator (for low current LEDs) or in switch mode (for higher power LEDs). （用于弱電流發(fā)光二極管）或轉(zhuǎn)換模式（用于高功率發(fā)光二極管） IndexTerms—Automotive electronics, high voltage (HV)CMOS, integrated circuit (IC), LED driver. 關(guān)鍵詞 — 汽車用電子設(shè)備，高電壓互補(bǔ)金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體，集成電路 LED驅(qū)動 I. INTRODUCTION 1：介紹 IN the last few years LED technology experienced a very fast 在過去的幾年中，發(fā)光二極管技術(shù) 在汽車照明應(yīng)用中替代普通燈泡 經(jīng)歷了一個非?？焖俚倪M(jìn)步時代， and important growth, superseding the bulb technology in automotive lighting applications [1]. To achieve the harsh requirement of CO2 emission and reduce the fuel consumption, car manufacturer must reduce the total power consumption. The 為了實現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)格的二氧化碳排放要求和降低了燃料的消耗 , 汽車制造商必須減少總的功率消耗。 adoption of LEDs in place of bulbs permits to have about five times less power consumption at equal output lighting intensity. 采用發(fā)光二極管代替燈泡在同等輸出功率照明強(qiáng)度下?lián)p耗將降低五倍。 LEDs have reached quality and reliability factors that permit their use in automotive harsh environment and in addition 發(fā)光二極管已達(dá)到質(zhì)量和可靠性因素 ,可保證他們可使用在汽車的嚴(yán)文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 酷環(huán)境下并且他們的成本是降低的。 their cost is decreasing. However, LEDs are pretty difficult to 事實上，發(fā)光二極管是很難驅(qū)動，因此相比較普通燈泡，發(fā)光二極管驅(qū)動要求更多的技巧和控制功能 。 drive and therefore LEDdrivers require many tricks and control functions pared to bulb drivers. Moreover, automotive 而且，汽車應(yīng)用程序需要緊湊和低成本的解決方案 ,靈活 足夠的數(shù)字電子控制單元界面， applications require pact and lowcost solutions, flexible enough to be interfaced to digital electronic control units (ECU) and to cope with different wiring configurations and relevant 同時需要應(yīng)付不同的布線配置和相關(guān)拓展。 parasitics [2]. Automotive lighting systems should be also robust 汽車照明系統(tǒng)也應(yīng)該對電磁干擾 (EMI)和超溫、過流以及過電壓現(xiàn)象有應(yīng)變能力。 with respect to electromagic interference (EMI) and to overtemperature, overcurrent, and overvoltage phenomena, such as those due to ringing effects generated by resonance of 例如那些由于激振效應(yīng)所產(chǎn)生的共振的線電感和連接器電容。 wire inductance and connector capacitance. Usually, in car environment 通常 ,在汽車環(huán)境中，幾米長電線使用 ,就會生成強(qiáng)烈振蕩。 few meters long wires are used, generating dumped oscillations. Such oscillations and the associated overcurrent and overvoltage levels reduce the LED life time and its efficiency 這種振蕩和與之相關(guān)的過電流和過電壓會降低發(fā)光二極管壽命及其效率。 [3]. To avoid or limit these effects the LED cannot be driven by a mechanical relay but a smart driver is required to control the slope of the LED current during transient, keeping it 為了避免或限制這些影響發(fā)光二極管不能由一個機(jī)械繼電器控制但智能的驅(qū)動被要求需要在瞬態(tài)控制 LED電流的斜率，以保持它在電線文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 的特征頻率以下。 below the characteristic frequency of the wire. A pact and efficient LED driver is needed, overing the above issues and featuring a high flexibility to face different LED power levels, 一個緊湊和高效的 LED驅(qū)動程序是必要的 ,是為了克服上述問題和具有高靈活性，去面對不同的發(fā)光二極管功率級別，連接拓?fù)浜碗娋€寄生。 connections topology, and wiring parasitics. Hereafter, Section 此后，在第二部分，分析了振蕩和電磁干擾在放光二極管驅(qū)動中的影響 。 II analyzes ringing and EMI problems in LED driving. Section III presents the design of the new LED smart driver focusing on 第三部分介紹了一款新設(shè)計的智能發(fā)光二極管驅(qū)動的顯著特征。 its distinguishing features. Section IV presents its experimental 第四部分介紹了發(fā)光二極管在不同功率等級下的實驗特征，從幾十毫瓦特 characterization with LEDs of different power levels, from tens of milliwatts to several watts, used standalone, or connected in 到幾瓦特在獨立或幾個連接下的狀態(tài)。 strings. Temperature and voltage range operating conditions are 溫度和電壓等級的工作條件也被測量判斷。 also measured. Conclusions are drawn in Section V. 第五部分將引出結(jié)論。 II. RINGING AND EMI PROBLEMS IN LED DRIVING 二 .振蕩和電磁干擾在發(fā)光二極管驅(qū)動中的影響 文獻(xiàn)翻譯 021309208 吳驍奕 At stateoftheart L