外文翻譯---印度服裝紡織行業(yè)的出口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力-其他專(zhuān)業(yè)(已修改)
2025-02-04 09:23 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 中文 3150 字 畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯 出 處： open economies review 作 者 S AMAR VERMAM 原 文： Export Competitiveness of Indian Textile and Garment Industry INTRODUCTION The international trade in textile and clothing sectors has been a egregious exception to the most favoured nation principle of GATT and, since the early 1960s, has been a case of managed trade through forced consensus. However, the WTO Agreement on Textile and Clothing (ATC) marked a significant turnaround. According to the ATC,beginning 1st January 1995, all textiles and clothing products that had been hitherto subjected to MFAquota, are scheduled to be integrated into WTO over a period of ten years. “The dismantling of the quota regime represents both an opportunity as well as a threat. An opportunity because markets will no longer be restricted。 a threat because markets will no longer be guaranteed by quotas, and even the domestic market will be open to petition”. From 1st January 2021, therefore, all textile and clothing products would be traded internationally without quotarestrictions. And this impending reality brings the issue of petitiveness to the fore for all firms in the textile and clothing sectors,including those in India. It is imperative to understand the true petitiveness of Indian textile and clothing firms in order to make an assessment of what lies ahead in 2021 and beyond. Owing to its significant contribution, the Indian textile and clothing industry occupies a unique place in the Indian economy. It contributes about 4% of GDP and 14% of industrial output. Second largest employer after agriculture, the industry provides direct employment to 35 million people including substantial segments of weaker sections of society. With a very low importintensity of about % only, it is the largest foreign exchange earner in India, earning almost 35% of foreign exchange. This is the only industry that is selfsufficient and plete in cotton value chain producing everything from fibres to the highest value added finished product of garments. Its growth and vitality therefore has critical bearings on the Indian economy at large. What Is Competitiveness? Competitiveness is about productivity, which in turn is a function of factors related to cost of products, as well as those related to nonprice factors such as delivery schedules, reliability of producers, and such intangible factors like image of the country/pany and brand equity. Together, they define the petitive sinews of a product to pete under conditions of free market. However, in order to translate industry petitiveness into sales (greater export share in world market), another set of issues in addition to productivity need to be examined. These relate to market access conditions. Indeed, industry petitiveness of restrained exporters such as India was not much of an issue during the last almost four decades, ever since the Short Term Arrangement (STA) of 1961. And the reason lay not in price and nonprice factors, but in the ?managed? conditions under which global trade in textile and clothing products took place. In fact, it was precisely b
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