【正文】 最新高一英語閱讀理解(社會文化)解題技巧及練習題及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀理解 I travel a lot, and I find out different styles(風格)of directions every time I ask How can I get to the post office? Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there don39。t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地標)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile. People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. How far away is the post office? you ask. Oh, they answer, it39。s about five minutes from here. You say, Yes, but how many miles is it? They don39。t know. It39。s true that a person doesn39。t know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, Sorry, I have no idea. But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers I don39。t know. People in Yucatan believe that I don39。t know is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!（1）When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _______. the place carefully him a map of the place him the names of the streets to recognizable buildings and places（2）What is the place where people measure distance in time? York. Angles..（3）People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________. order to save time a test as to be polite fun（4）What can we infer from the text? 39。s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.39。s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly. have similar understanding of politeness. Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者圍繞不同國家回答問路的風格，介紹了不同國度的不同文化。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Foreign tourists are often confused（困惑的）in Japan because most streets there don39。t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks（地標）in their directions instead of street names.”可知在日本通常是用地標指路。故選D。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map。 they measure distance in time, not miles.”可知，在洛杉磯用走一段路用多少時間來指路。故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers‘I don39。t know.’People in Yucatan believe that ‘I don39。t know’ is impolite.”可推斷，因尤卡坦人可能會給游客一個錯誤的答案的目的是為了禮貌。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“I find out different ‘styles’ of directions every time I ask ‘How can I get to the post office?’ 以及下文舉例說明可知，作者圍繞回答問路的風格，介紹了不同國度的不同文化。因此推斷作者說明了對旅行者來說了解不同地方的文化差異很重要。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻的)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教的)religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi is the one that is most monly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one. The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔誠)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer39。s thou ghts. Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife39。s eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis e in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has bee more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead? stress their family background. indicate their social rank. show their religious belief. display their financial status.（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition? help the other eyes see better. look to the distance. see the outside world. pay respect to God.（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi? word bindi means red in some Hindi dialects. was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife. red dot represented the blood of God. stood for a wife39。s love for her husband.（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today? are now used to make people look better. are worn anywhere on the face now. Indian women do not wear bindis anymore. men than women wear bindis in India.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，大多數(shù)印度女人的眉毛中間都戴著紅點，這種做法主要與印度教有關，它代表的是第三只眼，可以時時提醒信徒要尊敬上帝?，F(xiàn)在眉心紅點更多的是作為裝飾品使用。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital（婚姻的）status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu（印度教的）religion.”在印度，大多數(shù)女性的眉毛上都有一個紅點。雖然這通常被認為是他們婚姻狀況的一個指標，但這種做法主要與印度教有關?？芍@種做法主要與印度教有關，所以印度人前額戴紅點是展示他們的宗教信仰。故選C。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段可知，印度傳統(tǒng)上認為人有第三只眼。以及“As such，the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God inthe front of a believer39。s thoughts．”因此，點作為一個持續(xù)的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。所以第三眼在印度教傳統(tǒng)中的重要性是要尊重上帝。故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“According to Hindu beliefs，the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple．”可知，根據(jù)印度教的信仰，紅色被認為能為已婚的夫婦帶來好運。故選B。 （4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Decorative o