【正文】 20202021年完形填空和閱讀理解知識點(diǎn)梳理及經(jīng)典練習(xí)(超詳細(xì))經(jīng)典1一、完形填空1．閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 The story goes that two friends were walking across the desert. During the journey they had a 1 , and one friend hit the other in the face. The one who got hit was hurt, but 2 saying anything, he wrote in the sand, Today my 3 friend hit me in the face. They kept on walking until they found green fields and a beautiful river where they decided to 4 .The one who had been hit fell into the river and started 5 , but the friend saved him. After he was out of 6 , he wrote on a stone, Today my best friend saved my life. The friend who 7 and saved his best friend asked him, After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand and now you write on a stone. Why? The other 8 , When someone hurts us, we should write it down in the sand where wind of forgiveness（寬容）can blow it away. 9 when someone does something good for us, we must carve（雕刻）it in the stone where no wind can ever blow it away. Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to carve your benefits in the stone. Send this phrase to people you will 10 forget. It39。s a short message to let them know that you will never forget them.1. A. giftB. chanceC. fight2. A. withoutB. afterC. with3. A. badB. bestC. real4. A. take a bathB. have a showerC. take a rest5. A. smilingB. hittingC. sinking6. A. dangerB. windC. work7. A. was hitB. had hitC. hit8. A. refusedB. thoughtC. replied9. A. SoB. BecauseC. But10. A. neverB. foreverC. always【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）C；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）C；（9）C；（10）A； 【解析】【分析】主要講了兩個朋友穿過沙漠時，一個朋友打另一個朋友，受傷的朋友在沙子上寫下“今天我最好的朋友打了我的臉”，而當(dāng)受傷的朋友掉進(jìn)河里被朋友救起時，他卻在石頭上寫下“今天我最后的朋友救了我”，希望自己永遠(yuǎn)記住。 （1）句意：在旅行期間他們打架了。；；。根據(jù)后句one friend hit the other in the ，所以是打架了，故選C。 （2）句意：被打的受傷了，但是沒有說什么。；......之后；。根據(jù)but可知前后句表示轉(zhuǎn)折，雖然被打，但是沒有說什么，故選A。 （3）句意：今天我最好的朋友打了我的臉。；；。根據(jù)后文Today my best friend saved my life.可知是最好的朋友，故選B。 （4）句意：他們一直往前走，直到找到了綠色的田野和一條美麗的河流，他們決定在那里休息。；；。一直走，走累了就休息，故選C。 （5）句意：被打的朋友掉進(jìn)河里，開始下沉。；；。根據(jù)常識可知掉進(jìn)河里會下沉，故選C。 （6）句意：在他脫離危險(xiǎn)后，他在石頭上寫“今天我最好的朋友救了我”。；；。out of danger，脫離危險(xiǎn)，固定搭配，故選A。 （7）句意：已經(jīng)打人的朋友救了他最好的朋友。，一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；，過去完成時；，一般過去時。打人的朋友救了被打的朋友，事情發(fā)生在過去的過去，所以用過去完成時，結(jié)構(gòu)是had+動詞過去分詞，故選B。 （8）句意：另一個回復(fù)說“當(dāng)有人傷害我們時，我們應(yīng)該把它寫在沙子上，寬恕之風(fēng)可以把它吹走”。；；。后句是回復(fù)的內(nèi)容，故選C。 （9）句意：但是當(dāng)有人為我們做好事時，我們必須把它刻在石頭上，在那里沒有風(fēng)可以把它吹走。；；。他人傷害自己和幫助自己，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用but，故選C。 （10）句意：把這句話送給你永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記的人。；；。根據(jù)后句It39。s a short message to let them know that you will never forget ，讓他們知道你永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他們，所以是永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據(jù)上下文來判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行區(qū)別，選出正確的那一項(xiàng)。2．閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 On a cold November afternoon, my mother and I were walking back home from a pizza store. We had bought many things. We were dressed warmly, and I was feeling a little 1 as I was carrying our shopping bag, I decided to 2 something away. I was walking towards a dustbin 3 I noticed a poor man walking out of the restaurant in front of us. He headed over to the nearby dustbin and started looking through it. I suddenly felt very 4 because I was about to throw away a new drink just because it was too heavy. I walked up to him and handed the 5 and some bread over to him, which surprised him. The man looked at me 6 and took what I gave him. A huge smile 7 on his face. I felt I couldn39。t be happier with 8 . But then he said, Wow, this is my son39。s lucky day! With that, he thanked me happily and started off on his bike. I 9 heard him singing as he rode away. I got a warm 10 inside. I now understand what it 11 by saying Giving is getting. Though it was only a little action, I got and learned more in those two 12 than I did in the rest of the month. Everyone in the world 13 help. Everyone can give help and everyone can be helped.The look of the man39。s happiness appears in my mind 14 I have the chance to do something nice. This is the power of 15 .1. A. tiredB. interestedC. surprisedD. worried2. A. putB. throwC. giveD. keep3. A. andB. butC. whenD. so4. A. nervousB. happyC. proudD. sorry5. A. drinkB. toysC. moneyD. clothes6. A. in silenceB. in surpriseC. in angerD. in excitement7. A. turnedB. wentC. appearedD. ran8. A. himselfB. ourselvesC. yourselfD. myself9. A. stillB. onceC. evenD. ever10. A. feelingB. weleC. wordD. idea11. A. aimsB. offersC. looksD. means12. A. daysB. weeksC. minutesD. hours13. A. givesB. needsC. takesD. brings14. A. wheneverB. howeverC. whateverD. whoever15. A. knowledgeB. friendshipC. kindnessD. feeling【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）C；（10）A；（11）D；（12）C；（13）B；（14）A；（15）C； 【解析】【分析】文章大意： 這篇文章講的是作者幫助了一個窮人的事情，通過此次經(jīng)歷作者深深體會到世上每個人都需要幫助，人人都可以給出幫助也可以得到幫助。 （1）句意：句意：我提著購物袋，感覺有點(diǎn)疲勞。A疲勞的； B感興趣的；C感到驚訝的，D擔(dān)憂的根據(jù)語境可知拿著購物感到非常的勞累。故選A。 （2）句意：我決定扔掉一些東西。A放下；B扔掉；C給；D保持，根據(jù)上文拿著購物感到非常的勞累，以及下文I was walking towards a dustbin可知他決定扔掉一些東西，故選B。 （3）句意：我正要走向垃圾箱，這時我注意到一個窮人從我們前面的飯店里走出來，A和；B但是；C在那時；D因此。when表示這時，屬并列連詞，故選C。 （4）句意： 我突然感到有點(diǎn)愧疚因?yàn)槲蚁肴拥粢黄啃嘛嬃?，只是因?yàn)樗?。A緊張的；B高興的；C驕傲的；D愧疚的，根據(jù)語境可知作者突然感到愧疚，故選D。 （5）句意：我走近他，把飲料和一些面包遞給他。A飲料；B玩具；C錢；D衣服，根據(jù)上文I was about to throw away a new drink可知是飲料，故選A。 （6）句意：這個人驚訝地看著我，接過我給他的東西。A沉默地；B驚訝地；C生氣地；D興奮地， 根據(jù)上文which surprised ，故選B。 （7）句意：他的臉上呈現(xiàn)出燦爛的笑容。A變得；B去，消失；C呈現(xiàn)；D跑，根據(jù)語境可知他此時是驚喜的，所以臉上呈現(xiàn)笑容，故選C。 （8）句意：我覺得自己無比幸福了。A他自己；B我們自己；C你（們）自己；D我自己，根據(jù)此句的主語I可知是我自己，故選D。 （9）句意： 我甚至聽到他騎車走時唱著歌。A仍舊；B曾經(jīng)，一度；C甚至；D曾經(jīng)，根據(jù)語境可知他現(xiàn)在的心情很好，所以甚至還唱著歌，故選C。 （10）句意：我感到內(nèi)心有一種溫暖的感覺。A感覺；B歡迎；C話；D主意，根據(jù)語境可知作者此時內(nèi)心有一種溫暖的感覺，故選A。 （11）句意： 我現(xiàn)在明白了“付出就是得到”是什么意思。A目標(biāo)；B提供；C看起來；D意思是，根據(jù)語境可知“付出就是得到”意味著什么，故選D。 （12）句意： 雖然這只是一個小小的行動，但我在這兩分鐘里學(xué)到的東西比我在這個月里學(xué)到的還要多。A幾天；B幾周；C幾分鐘；D幾個小時，根據(jù)語境可知這只是在幾分鐘內(nèi)發(fā)生的事，故選C。 （13）句意：世界上每個人都需要幫助。A給予；B需要；C花費(fèi)，帶走；D帶來，根據(jù)語境及下文Everyone can give help and everyone can be ，故選B。 （14）句意： 每當(dāng)我有機(jī)會做一些好事的時候，我的腦海里就會浮現(xiàn)出那個男人的幸福表情。A無論何時；B無論無何；C無論什么；D無論是誰，從句中缺時間狀語，故選A。 （15）句意：這就是善良的力量。A知識；B友誼；C好意，善良；D感覺，根據(jù)整篇文章可知作者幫了一個窮人，這讓他感到無比幸福，所以說這是善良的力量，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】考查完形填空。首先通讀全文，掌握大意。考慮語境，上下文呼應(yīng)，運(yùn)用邏輯思維進(jìn)行推理，再根據(jù)自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短語、習(xí)慣用語、動詞形式和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等各種因素加