【正文】 （英語）高一英語閱讀理解模擬試題含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解 Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives. There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45yearold woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess). Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used incorrect for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one (your password is incorrect). Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg39。s book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using Wwssdol9, which stood for What would Sheryl Sandberg do plus 19 for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation. TnsitTpsif was the password of another friend, a puter scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie. The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father39。s childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.（1）Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password? rebuild his reputation. remind him to act legally. fight against his poor memory. hide the unpleasant experience.（2）What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg39。s book? ....（3）What might be the best title for the text? reasons why people hate passwords. unusual passwords. secret lives of passwords. best ways to make your passwords unique.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有關密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back.”可知這名坐過牢的囚犯用自己的監(jiān)獄身份證號作為密碼主要是提醒自己不要回到過去（不在犯罪）。因此選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus 39。19’ for the year (2019) of the password39。s creation.”可知Cortni Kerr讀完Sheryl Sandberg39。s book的書后，找到到了自己的榜樣，由此判斷出Cortni Kerr認為Sheryl Sandberg的書很激勵人心。故選D。 （3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了有關密碼的一些趣事。不同的人設定密碼也包含著不同的意義，也揭示了一些秘密。選項C. The secret lives of passwords.“密碼里的人生秘密”為短文的最佳標題。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range. Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe fortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body. The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:（1）Which of the following is TRUE? intensity can be reflected by a person39。s heart rate. faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is. exercise will definitely present a threat to people39。s safety. target exercise heart rate range for a 45yearold is 90–149 BPM.（2）A 34yearold man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.A.You are doing fine.B.You can run faster.C.You should slow down a bit.D.You should drink some water.（3）What is the purpose of this passage? advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising. inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under. tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise. show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何給自己把脈以及用兩個表格向人們展示如何測量心率以保持適當?shù)倪\動強度。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.”及表格上的數(shù)據(jù)可知，一個人的心率可以反映運動強度。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)表格中給的測量心率的方法可知，此人的每分鐘的心率是40*4=160，結合數(shù)據(jù)表格，年齡34從35歲那一欄可知，大于百分之85，根據(jù)圖表說明可知，屬于劇烈運動，因此他的健康教練應該告訴他放慢一點。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。文章通過告訴讀者如何給自己把脈以及用兩個表格向人們展示如何測量心率以保持適當?shù)倪\動強度?？芍?，文章的目的是向人們展示如何測量心率以保持適當?shù)倪\動強度。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解 A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food. The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions. Researchers at the University of Plymouth39。s School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (應答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 強度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵擾性) of their desires on an 11point scale. Researchers found the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondent39。s view was greenery. Previous scholarship(學術研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out