【正文】 （英語）高三英語專題匯編語法填空(一)含解析一、語法填空1．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(獵物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime! What does the expression crocodile tears mean? Simply put, crocodile tears are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase crocodile tears es from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would e closer and then bee dinner. Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，解釋了短語“鱷魚的眼淚”的含義，它表示虛假的悲傷?？茖W(xué)家解釋說，鱷魚的確會(huì)流淚，但它們不會(huì)哭。眼淚有助于清潔他們的眼睛。哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。 （1）考查介詞。句意：科學(xué)家說，鱷魚比恐龍壽命長約6500萬年。outlive by固定短語，“比……壽命長”，故填by。 （2）考查名詞。句意：它們是如此優(yōu)秀的幸存者的一個(gè)原因是它們可以長時(shí)間不吃東西。根據(jù)上文good為形容詞修飾名詞可知應(yīng)填名詞survivor“幸存者”，且主語they are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填survivors。 （3）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它們是專業(yè)的捕獵者，用它們強(qiáng)有力的下顎來咬它們的獵物，然后把它整個(gè)吞下去。本句中use做非謂語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語they構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填using。 （4）考查名詞。句意：一條鱷魚一生能咬掉8000顆牙!tooth為可數(shù)名詞，由8000修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填teeth。 （5）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。pretend to do “假裝做某事”，故填to cry。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。根據(jù)上文”you could not“可知為“否定詞+形容詞比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，故填less。 （7）考查連詞。句意：如果/當(dāng)/一旦一條鱷魚在水邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)人，它會(huì)殺死他。本句可理解為條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解為時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。 （8）考查代詞。句意：然后鱷魚會(huì)對(duì)著他哭，最后把他吞下去。做動(dòng)詞swallow的賓語應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格形式，故填him。 （9）考查冠詞。句意：另一個(gè)傳說表明鱷魚確實(shí)很聰明。此處表示特指“鱷魚”這個(gè)物種，應(yīng)用定冠詞，故填the。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為it，故填is reserved。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞，名詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，形容詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞以及時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The carpenter thinks that his or her child can________(shape). The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you39。re going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult， she said The gardener, however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will bee and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about: creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem. Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children. She spent decades researching children39。s development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may bee________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. We39。re so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we39。re unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world. she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outes, the better their children may live in life.【答案】 be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了現(xiàn)代美國存在的木匠型父母和園丁型父母的特點(diǎn)。 （1）考查語態(tài)。句意:“木匠型”父母認(rèn)為他或她的孩子可以被塑造?？芍颂幹髡Z與動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因?yàn)榭涨坝星閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can.。故填be shaped。 （2）考查介詞。句意: “木匠型”父母認(rèn)為他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短語，“將......變成......”，故填into。 （3）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意: 然而，“園丁型”父母很少關(guān)心孩子會(huì)變成什么樣，而是提供一個(gè)受保護(hù)的探索空間。此處用所給詞的動(dòng)名詞作介詞about的賓語。故填controlling。 （4）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意: 然而，“園丁型”父母很少關(guān)心孩子會(huì)變成什么樣，而是提供一個(gè)受保護(hù)的探索空間。此處用所給詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，修飾名詞space。故填to explore。 （5）考查代詞。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，對(duì)他們來說，把孩子撫養(yǎng)成人是非常必要的。此處為It39。s十形容詞十for sb十to do sth”的結(jié)枸，意為“對(duì)某人來說，做某事是……”,在 該句中是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。故填it。 （6）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意: 她花了幾十年的時(shí)間研究孩子的發(fā)展，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)父母往往過于關(guān)注孩子成年后的狀況。根據(jù)并列連詞and及前句中的謂語動(dòng)詞spent可知，此處用所給動(dòng)詞的一般過去式。故填found。 （7）考查形容詞。句意: 危害在于父母和他們的孩子可能會(huì)感到焦慮，緊張或不快樂。此處用所給詞的形容詞作bee的表語。故填anxious。 （8）考查定語從句。句意: 我們非常關(guān)心我們的孩子，我們認(rèn)為他們很難掌握自己的未來，我們不愿意讓他們自由探索世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語(we think是插入語)且先行詞是our children，故此處用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。故填who/that。 （9）考查副詞。句意: 我們非常關(guān)心我們的孩子，我們認(rèn)為他們很難掌握自己的未來，我們不愿意讓他們自由探索世界。此處用所給詞的副詞修飾動(dòng)詞explore。故填freely。 （10）考查形容詞。句意: 事實(shí)是，父母越不擔(dān)心結(jié)果，他們的孩子可能生活得越好。根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)是，父母對(duì)結(jié)果的擔(dān)心越少，他們的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此處用所給形容詞的比較級(jí),且枸成“the十比較級(jí),the十比較級(jí)”的結(jié)枸。故填less。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及語態(tài)，介詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞，代詞，時(shí)態(tài)，形容詞，定語從句，副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Green is not always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being________(environment) friendly. If you39。ve been looking to replace your furniture, consider________(go) green because green furniture________(offer) many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect ecofriendly furniture. . First, green furniture isn39。t harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesn39。t cause damage________the environment in any way. Besides, by using ecofriendly________(product), you prevent global warming to some degree in your own way. The materials________are used in furniture are what make them green. Materials can be good for the