【正文】 four famous festivals, began in 1983, has successfully organized 29 November 2010, approved by the Ministry of Culture, Luoyang Peony Fair was upgraded as a national festival to and renamed as “China Luoyang Peony Culture Festival”.It is organized by the Ministry of Culture and the People39。s Government of Henan Luoyang, China country garden, peony, stretching for several kilometers, in full bloom or bud, wele the guests from all over the festival will last more than a 2011 , the 29th Luoyang Peony Culture Festival set branch venues in Beijing and Shanghai at the same time, holding rich and colorful festival September 21, 1982, the Standing Committee of Luoyang Municipal People39。s Congress passed a resolution, taking peony as the “city flower” of to the Peony’s flowering time , Luoyang Peony Fair is held on a certain day from April to a certain day in May every 1983 to today(2011), Luoyang has successfully held 29 Peony the twenty years, the municipal mittee and the municipal government have been adhering to the guiding ideology of “taking flower as medium, making friends, publicizing Luoyang, opening wider to the outside world and using Luoyang to set up the stage to let the whole province put on a show, making Luoyang Peony Fair bee a large prehensive economic and cultural activity that integrates enjoyment of blossoms and lanterns, tourisms, economic and trade cooperation and Peony Fair has bee a major event in citizens’ political, economic, and cultural life, an integral part of the grand festival of Luoyang people, an platform for Luoyang’s economic development and a window to display the city39。s image and a bridge for Luoyang’s going to the world and a name card for the world to know the same time, it has bee an excellent platform and stage for enterprises to show their strength, establish their images and have their names up.第三篇：洛陽牡丹文化研究洛陽牡丹文化研究姓名：王曉曉班級：林業(yè)專碩152班學號：7150077 指導老師：鄭小賢摘要：洛陽牡丹為多年生落葉小灌木，國色天香、富麗堂皇、雍容華貴、寓意著吉祥富貴、繁榮昌盛，一直是作為華夏民族興旺發(fā)達、幸福美好的象征。洛陽牡丹不僅花朵碩大，而且品種繁多，花色多樣，有紅、白、粉、黃、紫、藍、綠、黑及復色9大色系、10種花型、1000多個品種。洛陽牡丹栽培的歷史開始于隋代，唐代是培育牡丹的鼎盛時期，到了宋代便有洛陽牡丹甲天下的說法。與此同時，各朝各代還涌現(xiàn)出一些描寫洛陽牡丹的詩詞、著作及繪畫作品。本文主要是講述了洛陽牡丹文化的背景以及發(fā)展歷程及對洛陽牡丹文化的研究。關(guān)鍵詞：洛陽牡丹發(fā)展歷程文化研究洛陽牡丹文化的背景洛陽牡丹，有一句詩可形容，“唯有牡丹真國色，花開時節(jié)動京城”。洛陽是十三朝古都，自古以來便有有“千年帝都，牡丹花城”的美譽。另外還有詩句形容，“洛陽地脈花最宜，牡丹尤為天下奇?！甭尻柲档さ脑耘鄽v史自隋朝開始，于唐朝達到頂生時期，宋朝便有了洛陽牡丹甲天下的說法。洛陽牡丹代表著雍容華貴、國色天香、富麗堂皇，寓意著吉祥富貴、繁榮昌盛，她是華夏民族興旺發(fā)達、幸福美好的象征。洛陽牡丹不僅花朵碩大，而且品種繁多，更是花色奇絕，有紅、白、粉、黃、紫、藍、綠、黑及復色9大色系、10種花型、1000多個品種。等到花開時節(jié)，整個洛陽城便陷入整個牡丹花海中，前來參觀的人群絡繹不絕，競相觀賞牡丹的芳容。洛陽牡丹的觀賞部位主要就是花朵，其花雍容華貴、富麗堂皇，素有“國色天香”、“花中之王”的美稱。洛陽牡丹在各種場所均可種植，如：可在公園和風景區(qū)建立種植專類園；在古典園林和居民院落中可筑造花臺種植；在園林綠地中也可呈自然孤植、叢植或片植。也適合布置花境、花壇、花帶、盆栽觀賞，牡丹的種植與應用相當靈活，種植也更加方便快捷，生長簡單，操作容易。也可通過催延花期，使其四季開花。牡丹的根皮可入藥，花瓣可釀酒。洛陽牡丹的發(fā)展歷程牡丹作為觀賞植物栽培種植，最早開始于南北朝。根據(jù)唐代韋絢劉賓客嘉話錄記載：“北齊楊子華有畫牡丹極分明。子華北齊人，則知牡丹亦矣?！庇謸?jù)太平御覽謝康樂說：“南朝宋時，永嘉(今溫州一帶)水際竹間多牡丹?！弊詮哪档み@一名稱被發(fā)現(xiàn)，也標志著牡丹栽培種植歷史的開始。明代李時珍本草綱目記載：牡丹雖結(jié)籽而根上生苗，故謂“牡”（意謂可無性繁殖），其花紅故謂“丹”。十九世紀七十年代，近代生物學家達爾文編寫的《動植物在家養(yǎng)情況下的變異》一書中說到，從十九世紀七十年代推到一千四百年前，牡丹在中國已經(jīng)栽培了一千四百多年，那是在公元五世紀，即為南北朝初年。所記載的情況和中國牡丹的栽植歷史大體相同。牡丹在歷史發(fā)展過程中，受到社會文化環(huán)境的影響，經(jīng)過文