【正文】 D. what did my teacher say [剖析 ] 答案為 C。本題為賓 語從句，由于需要用陳述語序可排除 B、 D；另外，主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，則從句也要用對(duì)應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，故還可排除 A。 28. How much ______ the shoes？ Five dollars ______ enough. A. is； is B. are； is C. are； are D. is； are [剖析 ] 答案為 B。 shoes 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式； five dollars 是一個(gè)整體，應(yīng)按單數(shù)對(duì)待。 29. 誤〕 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak. 〔正〕 We got to the top of the mountain at day break. 〔析〕 at 用于具體時(shí)刻之前，如： sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。 30. 〔誤〕 Dont sleep at daytime 〔正〕 Dont sleep in daytime. 〔析〕 in 要用于較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)，如： in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter 等等。 31. 〔誤〕 He became a writter at his twenties 〔正〕 He became a writter in his twenties 〔析〕這句話應(yīng)譯為：他在 20 多歲時(shí)就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時(shí)間段中要用介詞 in 來表示，而在具體歲數(shù)時(shí)用 at 來表示。 32. 誤〕 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day. 〔正〕 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day. 〔析〕 具體某一天要用介詞 on, 又如： on New Years Day 33. 〔誤〕 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas. 〔正〕 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas. 〔析〕在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用 on，而全部節(jié)日期間用 at,Christmas 是圣誕節(jié)期間，一 般要有兩周或更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。 34. 誤 I havent see you during the summer holidays. 正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays. 〔析〕 during 表示在某一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)，所以一般不與完成時(shí)搭配，如： I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而 for表示一段時(shí)間，可以用于完成時(shí)，如： I havent see you for a long time. 而 through 用來表示時(shí)間時(shí)則為 整整，全部的時(shí)間 。如： It rained through the since 則是表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間，一般要與完成時(shí)連用。 35. 〔誤〕 At entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔正〕 On entering the classroom, I heard the good news. 〔析〕 On 加動(dòng)名詞表示 一??就 。本句的譯文應(yīng)是：我一進(jìn)入教室就聽見這個(gè)好消息了 。又如： on hearing? 一聽見， on arrival 一到達(dá)就?? (on 表示動(dòng)作的名詞 ) 36. 〔誤〕 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔正〕 At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories. 〔析〕 at the begining 與at the end 都是指某事物的開始與結(jié)束部分，均不指時(shí)間范圍，而 in the beginning 則是指開始一段時(shí)間。 in the end＝ at last 是指 最終，終于 之意。 37. 〔誤〕 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔正〕 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work. 〔析〕 by 引起的時(shí)間狀語表示了動(dòng)作的截止點(diǎn)，其意思為 不遲于某一時(shí)刻將工作做完 ，所以主句一般是完成時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)然可以有將來時(shí)態(tài)，如： Ill be there by five till則表達(dá)其一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻，但句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而瞬間的截止性動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用其否定句式，如： I wont finish this work till(until) next weekend. 38. 〔誤〕 He came to London before last weekend. 〔正〕 He had e to London before last weekend. 〔正〕 He came to London two weeks ago. 〔析〕 before 一般要與完成時(shí)連用，而 ago 則與一般過去時(shí)連用。 39. 〔誤〕 I have studied English for three years gince I had e I have studied English for three years since I came here. 析 since 用來表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的開始時(shí)間，所以其引出的從句中應(yīng)為過去時(shí)，而不能用完成時(shí)態(tài) 40. 〔誤〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours. 〔正〕 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours. 〔析〕中文經(jīng)常講兩小時(shí)之后來取，兩天內(nèi)會(huì)修好，而這個(gè)介詞在英文中要用 in 而不要用 after。其原因有二，① after 多用于過去時(shí)，如： I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. ② after 加時(shí)間是表達(dá)一個(gè)不確定的時(shí) 間范圍，如： after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)完成某事時(shí)，一定要用介詞 in。 〕 Three days after he died. 正〕 After three days he died. 〔正〕 Three days later he died. 〔析〕 after 與 later 都可以用來表達(dá)一段時(shí)間之后，但它們所處的位置不同， after 在時(shí)間詞前，而 later 在時(shí)間詞后。 42.〔誤〕 She hid herself after the tree. 〔正〕 She hid herself behind the tree. 〔析〕 after 多用來表達(dá)某動(dòng)作之后，所以有的語法書中稱它為動(dòng)態(tài)介詞，如： I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而 behind 則多用于靜態(tài)事物之后。 43.〔誤〕 There is a beautiful bird on the tree. 正〕 There is a beautiful bird in the tree. 〔析〕 樹上長(zhǎng)出的果實(shí)，樹葉要用 on, 而其他外來的人、物體均要用 in the tree. 44.〔誤〕 Shanghai is on the east of China. 〔正〕 Shanghai is in the east of China. 〔析〕 在表達(dá)地理位置時(shí)有 3 個(gè)介詞： in, on, to。 in 表示在某范圍之內(nèi) 。 on 表示與某地區(qū)接壤； to 則表示不相接。如： Japan is to the east of China. 45.〔誤〕 I arrived at New York on July 2nd. 〔正〕 I arrived in New York on July 2nd. 〔析〕 at 用來表達(dá)較小的地方，而 in 用來表達(dá)較大的地方。 at 常用于 at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village。 46.〔誤〕 He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road. 〔正〕 He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road. 〔析〕 在門牌號(hào)碼前要用 at, 并要注意它的慣用法： at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page。 47.〔誤〕 There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall. 〔正〕 There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall. 〔析〕 在屋內(nèi)的角落應(yīng)用 in，而墻的外角用 at，如： There is a tree at the corner of the street. 48. 〔誤〕 Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper? 〔正〕 Do you know there is some good news in todays newspaper? 〔析〕 在報(bào)紙上的新聞要用 in, 而在具體某一版上，或某一頁上則要用 on。 49. 〔誤〕 The school will begin on September 1st. 〔正〕 School will begin on September 1st. 〔析〕這里的 school 應(yīng)看作不可數(shù)名詞泛指學(xué)校的課程，即開學(xué)之意。要注意，有些活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所當(dāng)表達(dá)正在從事該種活動(dòng)時(shí)不要加冠詞，如： at table (吃飯 )， When I came to Toms home, they were at table. 還有： at desk (學(xué)習(xí) )， at work (工作 ) at school (上學(xué) )， in hospital (住醫(yī)院 ) at church 作禮拜如加上定冠詞則另有他意，如 ：at the school 即在學(xué)校工作或辦事， in the hospital 即在醫(yī)院工作或去看望病人。 50. 〔誤〕 Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow. 〔正〕 Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai. 〔正〕 Ill leave for Shanghai. 〔析〕 leave for 是離開某地去某處的固定搭配，不可將 for 改為別的介詞。這樣的搭配還有： start for 動(dòng)身前往某處， set out for， sail for。 51. 〔誤〕 Im sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop. 〔正〕 Im sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop. 〔析〕 get in, 與 get out是兩個(gè)相反的詞組。 get in 為上車，而 get out 為下車，但語法家認(rèn)為這里的 in 與 out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講 Wed better get in. 或 Wed better get out. 還有一組詞組有關(guān)上下 車： get on／ off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into／ out of (a car, taxi? ) 52. 〔誤〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is niy degrees over zero. 〔正〕 Be careful. The temperature of the water is niy degrees above zero. 〔析〕 over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時(shí)有時(shí)可以 互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時(shí)，即正上方時(shí)則要用 over. 53.〔誤〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level. 〔析〕在垂直下方要用 above 與 below 互為反意詞， over 與 under也