【正文】 (2)There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+，there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。eg.① There is a bird in the 。② There is a teacher and many students in our 。③ There are two boys and a girl under the ，一個(gè)女孩。同時(shí)，be為謂語動(dòng)詞,后面跟的是名詞,也就是主語,也就是說there be結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用也就是倒樁的具體運(yùn)用。其真正的主語在there be 之后。在新課標(biāo)中對此的考試要求是：掌握There be句式的結(jié)構(gòu)特征和基本用法。在我們的課本中也出現(xiàn)了大量的There be句式如：There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51)There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50)In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20)If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49)There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46)There be結(jié)構(gòu)是如此重要，我們高中生必須對此從以下方面進(jìn)行了解。一、注意事項(xiàng)： there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be 是可以運(yùn)用各種時(shí)態(tài)的。There is going to be a meeting 。There was a knock at the 。There has been a girl waiting for 。There will be rain 。2動(dòng)詞be單復(fù)數(shù)形式要跟there be之后的真正的主語一致。并且要根據(jù)就近一致原則來變換be 的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：There is a book on the 。How many people are there in the city?這個(gè)城市里有多少人口。There is a pen and two books on the 。There are two books and a pen on the 。There are some students and a teacher in the 。There is a teacher and some students in the 。3 在there be引起的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，用來修飾主語的不定式主動(dòng)形式和被動(dòng)形式均可。There is no time to lose(= to be lost).時(shí)間緊迫。There is nothing to see(=to be seen).看不見有什么。There is nothing to do.(=to be done)無事可做。二、結(jié)構(gòu)變形：在there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中還可把be 改變從而使得there be結(jié)構(gòu)有了一些改變具體總結(jié)如下： 1 There used/seem/ happen/appear to be 如： There might be snow at 。There appeared to be nobody willing to 。There used to be a building 。There happened to be a man walking 。There doesn39。t seem to be much 。2 在there be的 be 前還可以加上各種情態(tài)詞，如： There must be something 。There ought not to be so many 。There might still be 。在there be句型中的be還可以換成其他的動(dòng)詞與there連用，這些詞都是表示狀態(tài)的如：live stand exist remain等或用來描寫某事的發(fā)生或某人的到達(dá)如e, appear, enter, follow, occur等。There lived a rich 。Then there came a knock at the 。Long, long ago, there lived a ，有一個(gè)國王。There followed a terrible 。Suddenly there entered a strange 。三、特殊的表達(dá)方式：１There is no sense in doing 做某事是沒有用的，沒有意義的 There is no sense in making him 。There is no sense in going 。2 There is no use /good doing 做某事是沒有用的，沒有必要的 There is no use trying to explain 。There is no good/use going 。3 There is no need to do 沒有必要做某事 There is no need to 。There is no need to give him so much 。4 There is thought/said/reported to be 人們認(rèn)為有/據(jù)說有/據(jù)報(bào)道有There is thought to be an army between in these two countries。人們認(rèn)為在這兩國之間有一場戰(zhàn)爭。There is reported to be a better way to cure ，找到了一種更好的治療癌癥的方法。5 There is no doing（口語）不可能??.There is no telling when he will be 。There is no knowing what he is 。There be句型歸納與練習(xí)There be 句型四、There be句型與have的區(qū)別：(1)There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。eg.①He has two 。②There are two men in the 。(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。 week has seven days.=There are seven days in a 。五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換變否定句There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + + n.。例如：There are some pictures on the wall.→There aren39。t any pictures on the wall.=There are no pictures on the is a bike behind the tree.→ There isn39。t a bike behind the tree.=There is no bike behind the 、變一般疑問句There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號即可，此為“調(diào)整法”。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）?？纯聪旅鎯删涫侨绾巍案念^換面”的吧： There is some water on Mars.→ Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water.→Are there any fish in the water?變特殊疑問句There be句型的特殊疑問句形式有以下三種變化：① 對主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人時(shí)，用“Who39。s+介詞短語?”；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用“What39。s + 介詞短語?”。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如： There are many things over there.→What39。s over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? ② 對地點(diǎn)狀語提問：提問地點(diǎn)當(dāng)然用“Where is / are+主語?”啦！例如： There is a puter on the desk.→ Where is the puter? There are four children on the playground.→Where are the four children? ③ 對數(shù)量提問：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)： How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？ How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？There be 句型專練。There _____ a book and two pens on the 。There ____ some money in the 。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s ？_____ _____ anything else in it? 。There _____ many _____ in our 。There _____ ______ birds in the ： there any maps on the wall? ___ are , there , there is , there many ____ are there in the picture? aren’t ___ trees near the is only ___ two bowls of rice on the there ___ houses near the river? Yes, there , some , some , any , any ： is a woman near the house.（變復(fù)數(shù)） are some buses near the hill.（變單數(shù)） are some apples in the tree.（變一般問句） are some oranges in the glass.（變否定句） there a baby in the room?（變復(fù)數(shù)） are many beautiful flowers in the garden.(就劃線部分提問)___ ___ in the garden? is a bookcase in my study.（變一般問句）_____ _____ _____ _____ in your study? is a soccer ball and a basketball on the ____ on the floor? new dress is in the _______ your new dress? are some big trees behind my _____ ______ big trees? be 與have區(qū)別專練。 desk _____ four some books on the ______ a dictionary in my (沒有)knives in the room.第三篇：幼兒教師招考?？贾R點(diǎn)梳理及配套練習(xí)幼兒教師招考常考知識點(diǎn)梳理及配套練習(xí)幼兒教育學(xué)第一部分一、幼兒教育學(xué)的研究對象幼兒教育學(xué)是一門研究3～6歲幼兒教育規(guī)律和幼兒機(jī)構(gòu)的教育工作規(guī)律的科學(xué)，它是從人們教育幼兒的實(shí)踐中總結(jié)提煉出來的教育理論。二、幼兒教育的概念和意義（一）廣義的教育：包括家庭教育、社會教育和學(xué)校教育。（二）學(xué)校的獨(dú)特結(jié)構(gòu)和功能，使其成為近代以來教育活動(dòng)中的核心部分，在各種教育中起著示范和主導(dǎo)的作用。（三）幼兒教育是指對3～6歲年齡階段的幼兒所實(shí)施的教育就稱為幼兒教育。從廣義上說，凡是能夠影響幼兒身體成長和認(rèn)知、情感、性格等心理各方面發(fā)展的活動(dòng)都是幼兒教育，而狹義的幼兒教育則指幼兒園教育。幼兒教育學(xué)是教育學(xué)的一個(gè)分支，它專門研究3～6歲幼兒的教育，探索其特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律。（四）幼兒教育的意義：1．促進(jìn)生長發(fā)育，提高身體素質(zhì)； 2．開發(fā)大腦潛力，促進(jìn)智力發(fā)展； 3．發(fā)展個(gè)性，促進(jìn)人格的健康發(fā)展； 4．培育美感，促進(jìn)想象力、創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)展；總而言之，幼兒教育擔(dān)負(fù)著促進(jìn)幼兒體、智、德、美全面發(fā)展的重任。（五）敏感期：幼兒期是語言、形狀知覺、音感等發(fā)展的敏感期。我們把這個(gè)階段—1—稱為敏感期。三、幼兒教育的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展（一）幼兒教育思想的產(chǎn)生1．學(xué)校誕生時(shí)間：幼兒教育機(jī)構(gòu)首先在歐洲誕生，最值得一提的是由英國空想社會主義者歐文于1816年創(chuàng)辦的幼兒學(xué)校，最初出現(xiàn)的幼兒教育機(jī)構(gòu)多由一些慈善家、工業(yè)家舉辦，實(shí)質(zhì)上不過的慈善性質(zhì)的社會福利機(jī)構(gòu)而已。2．德國幼兒教育家福祿貝爾被世界譽(yù)為“幼兒之父”，是他創(chuàng)辦了世界上第一個(gè)幼兒園。3．（游戲）是幼兒的主要活動(dòng)，幼兒通過他特制的玩具——（“恩物”）來學(xué)習(xí)。4．我國幼兒教