【正文】 Influential Factor and Methods of Twopart Allegoric Sayings Translation................ 8 Influence of Cultural Factor Upon Twopart Allegoric Sayings Translation. ............... 8 Methods of Twopart Allegoric Sayings Translation...................................................9 Literal Translation ...................................................................................... .......10 Free Translation ................................................................................................ .11 Combination of Literal and Free Translation..................................................11 Loan Translation................................................................................................12 Annotation................................................................................................13 v Partial Translation.............................................................................................. 14 Use of Allusions ................................................................................................ 14 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 15 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書(shū)簽。 Bibliography............................................................................................................................ 16 1 Introduction “Twopart allegorical sayings, whose second parts bear the main semantic weight, exhibits rich semantic and phonological operations, they are not unanalyzed fixed structures memorized by the users。 instead, twopart allegorical sayings are conceptual in nature, exhibiting multiple semantic operations among metaphor, metonymy, and knowledge frame”(Lakoff amp。 Johnson 20xx: 58). As for the study of twopart Allegoric Sayings, although many efforts have been taken to explore it, there are still some different ideas about its classifications, translation methods and so on. In order to help the target language readers have a better understanding about Chinese twopart allegotic sayings and Chinese culture. It is of great importance to introduce twopart allegotic sayings to foreign countries. So the ultimate purpose of this paper is to explore the translation methods of twopart allegotic sayings under Nida39。s functional equivalence theory. Based on the previous researches, this paper tends to analyze the translation of twopart allegotic sayings with Functional Equivalence as a guiding theory. This thesis can be divided into three chapters as follows: Chapter One provides an introduction to twopart allegoric sayings, including its definition, classification, characteristics and functions. Chapter Two makes an overview of Functional Equivalence theory which consists of its definition and levels. Chapter Three starts with the influence of cultural factor upon twopart allegoric sayings translation. Then several methods of twopart allegotic sayings translation have been e up with. Such as Literal translation, free translation, the bination of literal and free translation and so on. 2 I. Introduction to Twopart Allegoric Sayings Twopart allegotic sayings is a very special part of Chinese culture, and created by ancient people according to their rich life experiences. It is a kind of special humorous language form and a unique way to express the Chinese national culture. So it is widely used in people’s daily life and some traditional works, such as A Dream of Red Mansions. Twopart allegotic sayings has its own characteristics. Firstly, it consists of two parts in its form. Secondly, figures of speech such as simile and pun can be easily found in its content. Definition of Twopart Allegoric Sayings 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書(shū)簽。 Twopart allegotic sayings has been discussed since 1930s, but its definition still remains controversial in spite of numerous researches and definitions provided by Chinese scholars. Twopart allegotic sayings belongs to the mon sayings(idioms), except that it has a particular structure of a riddle. Twopart allegotic sayings is similar to a phrase for it explains the meaning of a phrase in two partsthe first part can be regarded as a simile or a statement describes a riddle, while the second part, sometimes unstated, carried a message as the answer to the riddle (The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary of Idioms). Types of Twopart Allegoric Sayings The discussions about the classification have not e to an agreement till now. The representative and widely accepted ones are proposed by Ma Guofan and Gao Gedong, Sun Weizhang, and each of them wins many supporters. Ma Guofan and Gao Gedong said, “Twopart allegotic sayings can be divided into two types: metaphorical ones and homophonic ones according to whether the second part uses homophones or not”(1979:18). The former ones refer to those whose first parts are metaphors and second parts are explanations for the first parts. However, the latter ones are related to those whose second parts use homophones to express a sense of pun. As for the latter one, we can see that it is not allsided because the second part of twopart allegotic sayings expressing puny sense with a homophone is not always right. On the one hand, for instance, “七十歲戴眼鏡 —— 老花 (話 )(a seventyold person wears glasses— presbyopia( an old saying)”(劉淑娟 3 20xx:5). While on the other hand, in some other cases, such punny sense can be indicated by using a pomograph. For example, “一頓飯能吃三升米 —— 肚量大 ( a person can eat three liters of rice in one meal—a big stomach( a broad tolerance)”(劉淑娟 20xx:6). Sun Weizhang(1989:289291) divides twopart allegotic sayings into two types metaphorical ones and puny ones. And metaphorical twopart allegotic sayings include