【正文】 年 月 日 本科 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 VII 頁 摘 要 目前，我國的高速鐵路建設(shè)事業(yè)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了大規(guī)模建設(shè)的高速發(fā)展階段，在高速鐵路的建設(shè)過程中，精密工程測量作為重要的技術(shù)保障，是高鐵建設(shè)中不可或缺的環(huán)節(jié)。可是說，高速鐵路精密工程測量的精度是否能夠達(dá)到高速鐵路精密工程測量規(guī)范的要求， 將直接決定高鐵建設(shè)的成敗。本文以 CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)的外業(yè)測量與內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理以及平差數(shù)據(jù)分析為主要研究對(duì)象，對(duì) CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)從外業(yè)測量到內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)處理的過程中所遇到的問題進(jìn)行探討。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括： 第一、對(duì) CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)的外業(yè)測量方法做進(jìn)一步的研究分析，詳細(xì)闡述 CPⅢ 網(wǎng)外業(yè)觀測的全過程以及觀測過程中應(yīng)注意的問題、外業(yè)觀測精度的控制；對(duì)比自由測站觀測與三聯(lián)基座法各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，分析各方法的優(yōu)勢和缺點(diǎn)，相互補(bǔ)充，得出最適合 CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)測量的觀測方法。 第二、深入研究 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的平差原理，詳細(xì)闡述 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)自由網(wǎng)平差 與約束網(wǎng)平差的基本過程，著重分析自由網(wǎng)平差中秩虧自由網(wǎng)的平差方法。利用 CPⅢ控制網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件對(duì)外業(yè)所觀測的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行平差處理，檢查 CPⅢ 控制點(diǎn)的點(diǎn)位精度、 CPⅢ 控制點(diǎn)相鄰點(diǎn)位的相對(duì)精度等重要精度指標(biāo)是否滿足高速鐵路精密工程測量規(guī)范的要求；分析平差數(shù)據(jù)，探索外業(yè)觀測數(shù)據(jù)與內(nèi)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)平差處理的精度之間的聯(lián)系，通過它們之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系反過來指導(dǎo)外業(yè)觀測中應(yīng)注意的問題，以提高 CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)外業(yè)測量的效率。 第三、深入研究 CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)的區(qū)段搭接問題，對(duì)比區(qū)段獨(dú)立約束平差與區(qū)段約束平差以及余弦函數(shù)約束平差的精度，得到最適合 CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)區(qū)段搭接的方法；進(jìn)一步研究區(qū)段搭接的精度問題，探討如何通過 CPⅡ 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)與 CPⅢ 坐標(biāo)系的轉(zhuǎn)換尺度的改化來進(jìn)一步提高區(qū)段搭接的精度；研究如何通過觀測數(shù)據(jù)的改化來提高置平平差的精度。 關(guān)鍵詞： CPⅢ 控制網(wǎng)；外業(yè)測量；數(shù)據(jù)處理；區(qū)段搭接 本科 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 VIII 頁 Abstract Nowadays, the highspeed railway construction is walking into the stage largescale construction. In the process of highspeed railway construction, precision engineering measurement, as an important technical support, is indispensable in the construction of highspeed railway. We can say that whether the accuracy of precision engineering measurement of highspeed railway can meet the requirements of engineering measurement standard will directly determine the success or failure of the highspeed railway construction. This paper takes the CPⅢ control work’s field measurement, indoor data processing and adjustment data analysis as the main object of the study, to explore the problems in the process of the CPⅢ control work’s field measurement and indoor data processing. The main contents include: Firstly, we carry on a further analysis of CPⅢ control work’s field measurement and then make a detailed explanation of the CPⅢ work’s whole process as well as the problems we should pay attention in the observation process, at the same time, we must take care of the observation precision control. Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of free station observation and triple base and then plement each other, finally obtains the most suitable method for CPⅢ work’s surveying. Secondly, we take a further study of CPⅢ level work’s adjustment principle and then make a detailed explanation of the basic process of the CPⅢ level work’s free work adjustment and constraint work adjustment. Focus on the analysis of the method of rank deficient free work adjustment in the free work adjustment. Using the CPⅢ control work’s data processing software carry out the data obtained by field measurement by adjustment method and then check that whether the CPⅢ control point’s position precision , CPⅢ control point’s relative accuracy can meet the requirements of highspeed railway engineering measurement standard. Explore the relationship between field observation data and indoor adjustment data and then guiding the problems we should pay attention by their internal connection to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of CPⅢ control work field surveying. Thirdly, the problem of CPⅢ control work’s segment overlap should be taken 本科 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第 IX 頁 further study. Compared the accuracy of segment constraint adjustment and the accuracy of cosine function constraint adjustment and then obtains the most suitable method for CPⅢ control work’s segment overlap. Exploring the question of segment overlap and researching that how to get higher precision by reformatting the conversion scale of the CPⅡ coordinate system and the CPⅢ coordinate system. We also need consider how to improve the precision of horizontalization adjustment. key words： CPⅢ control work。 field measurement。 data processing。 segment overlap 西南交通大學(xué)本科 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第Ⅸ頁 目 錄 第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................................................1 高速鐵路控制網(wǎng)體系概述 ...........................................................................................1 軌道控制網(wǎng)（ CPⅢ ）概述 ..........................................................................................2 本論文的研究內(nèi)容及意義 ...........................................................................................4 本論文的研究內(nèi)容 .............................................................................................4 本論文的研究意義 .............................................................................................4 第二章 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的外業(yè)測量及采集軟件簡介 ..................................................................6 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn)及外業(yè)測量原理 ...........................................................................6 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn) .............................................................................................6 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的外業(yè)測量過程 .............................................................................7 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)外業(yè)測量一般規(guī)定及精度要求 ...............................................................9 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)外業(yè)測量的一般規(guī)定 .....................................................................9 區(qū)段搭接的一般規(guī)定 .......................................................................................10 CPⅢ 控制測量精度要求 ................................................................................... 11 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)外業(yè)采集儀器及采集軟件 .....................................................................13 第三章 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)的平差處理 ............................................................................................15 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)平差原理 .................................................................................................15 CPⅢ 平面網(wǎng)自由網(wǎng)平差原理 .....................................