【正文】 可能產(chǎn)生的影響使他感到極度憂慮，同時(shí)，這對(duì)他社會(huì)生活的影響令他十分難堪。 1801 年夏他致信給兩位朋友。在給波恩的弗朗茨韋格勒的信中，他說他很忙，創(chuàng)作疲于應(yīng)付，出版商爭(zhēng)著要得到他的新作，但是他擔(dān)心自己的身體，特別是擔(dān)心聽覺漸漸在喪失。由于他的失聰，他在過去兩年里一直過著痛苦的生活；同時(shí)他避免與他人在一起，因?yàn)樗辉父嬖V別人他聾了。他常常 說，“我完全生活在音樂中?！? 試題編號(hào)： 06 In 1802, Beethoven spent six months in Heiligenstadt, thirteen miles outside Vienna. His pupil, Ferdinand Ries visited him in the summer. During a walk in the woods, Ferdinand pointed at a bird which was singing. Beethoven could not hear it, and this made him very morose. As the winter approached he realized that his hearing was no better, and that it was likely to get worse, and he might end up totally deaf. Beethoven?s deafness helped the development of his art: isolated from the world, and unable to perform, he could devote all his time to posing. Beethoven was dedicated to his art, and the urge to pose remained with him throughout his life. He shielded away from the mitment of marriage because he knew it would interfere with his art. From a very early age, he wanted to pose and, although he needed to earn a living, he wrote ?I love my art too dearly to be activated solely by selfinterest.? 試題編號(hào)： 06 1802 年，貝多芬在距維也納十三英里的海黎詹斯登度過了六個(gè)月。他的學(xué)生斐迪南雷斯那年夏天去拜訪他。當(dāng)他們一起在樹林里散步時(shí)， 斐迪南指著一只正在鳴唱的小鳥，貝多芬卻聽不到，這使他非常郁悶。到了那年冬天，他意識(shí)到他的聽覺不但不見好轉(zhuǎn)，而且可能越來越壞，以至徹底失聰。 貝多芬的失聰對(duì)于他的藝術(shù)發(fā)展有幫助：與世界隔絕，無法演出，他得以全身心地投入創(chuàng)作。貝多芬獻(xiàn)身于藝術(shù)，并且在他的一生都保持著強(qiáng)烈的創(chuàng)作欲望。他避開結(jié)婚是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為這會(huì)對(duì)他的藝術(shù)造成阻礙。早年時(shí)他就希望創(chuàng)作，并且，盡管他需要維持生計(jì)，但他寫道：“我愛我的藝術(shù)太深，因此我絕不會(huì)僅僅為個(gè)人的利益所驅(qū)使?！? 試題編號(hào)： 07 Growing up on a remote Michigan farm, Henry Ford knew little of farming. But he soon showed 中國最龐大的下資料庫 (整理 . 版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 5 頁 共 37 頁 signs that he belonged to a new generation of Americans who were interested more in the industrial future than in the agricultural past. Like most farmers, his father, William, hoped that his eldest son would join him on the farm, enable it to expand, and eventually take it over. But Henry hated farm work and did everything he could to avoid it. It was not that he was lazy. Giving him a mechanical job to do, he would set to work eagerly. Henry was excited by the possibilities for the future that were being opened up by developments in technology. But these developments, in Henry?s boyhood, had touched farming hardly at all. Farmers went on doing things in the way they had always done. Farmers? instinctive resistance to change prevented most farmers from taking advantage of new machines. 試題編號(hào)： 07 亨利福特雖然生長(zhǎng)在偏遠(yuǎn)的密執(zhí)安農(nóng)場(chǎng)，但他對(duì)農(nóng)事知之甚少。他很早便顯露出新一代美國人的特點(diǎn)，比起農(nóng)業(yè)的過去來，他們對(duì)工業(yè)的未來更感興趣。他的父親威廉姆，如同大多數(shù)農(nóng)場(chǎng)主一樣，希望長(zhǎng)子能隨他務(wù)農(nóng)，擴(kuò)展農(nóng)場(chǎng)并繼承他的衣缽。而亨利厭惡農(nóng)活并想方設(shè)法予以逃避。這并不是說他懶惰。倘若讓他干點(diǎn)兒機(jī)械活，他會(huì)很愿意去做。 亨利對(duì)技術(shù)發(fā)展可能開創(chuàng)的未來興奮不已。但在亨利的童年，這些發(fā)展幾乎根本觸及不到農(nóng)業(yè)，而農(nóng)民們一直延續(xù)著由來已久的務(wù)農(nóng)方式。農(nóng)民們對(duì)改變現(xiàn)狀的本能抵制，妨礙大多數(shù)農(nóng)民們充分利用新型 機(jī)械。 試題編號(hào)： 08 When Henry Ford was twelve, he became almost obsessively interested in clocks and watches. Like most children, he became fascinated by peering into the workings of a clock. Soon he was repairing clocks and watches for friends, working at a bench he built in his bedroom. Henry left his farm soon after His wife Mary died in childbirth. Three years later, he took a job as a mechanic in Detroit. By this time, steam engines had bee Henry?s fascination. Several years later, he took a job as an engineer at the Edison Detroit Electricity Company. Henry quickly learned every things in his new job— so quickly that within four years he was chief engineer at the Detroit power plant. His interest in fuel engines had e to dominate his life. He spent his spare time in the evenings trying to build a fuel engine to his own design. 試題編號(hào)： 08 當(dāng)亨利福特十二歲時(shí)，他對(duì)鐘表異常著迷。與大多數(shù)孩子一樣，他癡迷于觀察鐘的工作方式。不久他就能在臥室里自己做的長(zhǎng)凳上給朋友們修理鐘表了。 亨利在他的妻子瑪麗死于分娩以后不久就離開了他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。三年后，他在底特律得到一份機(jī)械師的工作。此時(shí)蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)已成為亨利的癡迷物。 中國最龐大的下資料庫 (整理 . 版權(quán)歸原作者所有 ) 第 6 頁 共 37 頁 幾年后，他在愛迪生底特律電力公司謀到一份工程師 的工作。亨利很快就學(xué)會(huì)了新工作中的各種技能，使得他不出四年便成為底特律電廠的總工程師。他對(duì)燃油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的興趣占據(jù)了他生活中的主要地位。他用晚上的業(yè)余時(shí)間試圖制造出一臺(tái)自行設(shè)計(jì)的燃油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。 試題編號(hào)： 09 The relationship between the small town of Hannibal and Mark Twain began in 1839. In that year, Mark Twain39。s father, John Clemens, decided to leave the small village that they had lived, and moved to the somewhat larger and more prosperous Hannibal, on the banks of the Mississippi River. Mark Twain, then known as Samuel Clemens, marked his fourth birthday about a week after the family settled there. His health was so poor that his parents probably feared he would not survive childhood. About 1843, John Clemens began concentrating on the practice of law, a decision that brought some stability to the family finances. The family moved into the new house the next year. Situated on Hill Street, near the center of town, the twostory frame house attracted little attention during those years. The kitchen, dining room and parlor were on the first floor, and three bedrooms, along with a small wardrobe room, were upstairs. 試題編號(hào)： 09 小鎮(zhèn)漢尼堡與馬克吐溫的關(guān)系始于 1893年。那年馬克吐溫的父親，約翰克萊門斯，決定離開他們居住的小村子，遷往位于密西西比河岸邊那座大點(diǎn)兒的、繁榮些的漢尼堡。當(dāng)一家人在那里居了大約一個(gè)星期后，馬克吐溫（當(dāng)時(shí)叫塞繆爾克萊門斯）度過了他四歲的生日。他的身體很差以至于父母擔(dān)心他可能會(huì)夭折。 大概到了 1843年，約翰克萊門斯的注意力開始轉(zhuǎn)向法律行業(yè)，這個(gè)決定為全家?guī)砹艘恍┙?jīng)濟(jì)保障。第二年全家喬遷新居。這棟兩層的木板房座落在臨近鎮(zhèn)中心的希爾街，當(dāng)時(shí)幾乎沒有人去注意這棟房子。廚房，餐廳 和起居室在一層，三間臥室和一間小藏衣室在樓上。 試題編號(hào)： 10 Mark Twain, then known as Samuel Clemens, marked his fourth birthday about a week after the family settled in the town of Hannibal. His health was so poor that his parents probably feared he would not survive childhood. A few years later, about the time the family moved into their new home on Hill Street, Mark Twain?s health improved dramatically. Instead of having to lead a quiet indoor life, he could roam the streets of Hannibal, climb the surrounding hills, explore the area?s caves and splash about in local swimming pools. He reveled in his newfound freedom, spending nearly all his free time playing outdoors with the other boys in town and soon being a leader. On March 24, 1847,