【正文】 h the lazy boy a lesson.(五) 挑出下列句中的賓語補足語v ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the readingroom.v ② He asked her to take the boy out of school.v ③ She found it difficult to do the work.v ④ They call me Lily sometimes.v ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.v ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?v ① to read newspapers and books in the readingroom ② to take the boy out of schoolv ③ Lily ④ get on the bus ⑤ playing football on the playgroundv 劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語v ① Please tell us a story.v ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.v ③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.v ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.v ⑤ Did he leave any message for me?6. 定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。v Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名詞）v He is our friend. （代詞）v We belong to the third world.（數(shù)詞） v He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容詞）v The man over there is my old friend.(副詞)v The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介詞)The boys playing football are in Class 2. （現(xiàn)在分詞）The trees planted last year are growing well now. （過去分詞）I have an idea to do it well.（不定式） You should do everything that I do. （定語從句）(六) 挑出下列句中的定語v ① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.v ② What is your given name?v ③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.v ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.v ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.① family ② given ③ third ④ some ⑤ downstairs7. 狀語：用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。（以下例句按上述順序排列）v I will go there tomorrow. v The meeting will be held in the meeting room.v The meat went bad because of the hot weather. v He studies hard to learn English well.v He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. v I like some of you very much.v If you study hard, you will pass the exam. v He goes to school by bike.v Though he is young, he can do it well.(七) 挑出下列句中的狀語v ① There was a big smile on her face.v ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.v ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.v ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.v ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.v ① on the face ② Every night ③ when he was eleven ④ fast ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm 八、同位語v 當一個概念詞在前，后面的詞、詞組或者句子是在解釋前者時，而且兩者的語法功能相同，后者就是前者的同位語。v Mr. Black, our English teacher, is a good tennis player. v 我們的英語老師——布萊克先生是個優(yōu)秀的網球手。v Football, the only interest in life, has brought him many friends.v 足球他唯一的愛好，讓他結交了許多朋友。Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother39。s. v 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆。 That’s her habit, reading in bed.v 躺在床上看書是她的習慣。v Your suggestion, to strike while the iron is hot, seemed a good idea.v 你建議趁熱打鐵，這個建議很好。He gave orders that the work should be started immediately.v 他發(fā)出指示要立即開始工作。You still haven’t answered my question why you didn’t e to school yesterday.v 你還沒有回答我昨天為什么沒有上學。同位語從句常跟在某些名詞后，對其作進一步的解釋。這些名詞包括：fact, doubt, idea, news, hope, indication, decision, possibility, assumption, suggestion, ，有時也可以用what, why, whether, when 等引導。(九)插入語v 插入語是說話者對所表達的意思的補充、強調、解釋或者說話的態(tài)度，其位置靈活常常用逗號或者破折號分開，并且在語法上不影響其他成份。v 1. 插入語常以副詞（副詞短語）、形容詞（形容詞短語）、介詞短語、非謂語動詞短語等形式出現(xiàn)。 v 　?。?1 ）常見的副詞及短語： indeed， surely， however， obviously， frankly， naturally， luckily / happily for sb. certainly 等。 (九) ■There be 句型 拓展：There be +句詞詞組”中，there為虛詞，be后面的名詞詞組為句子的真正主語。該句式在使用時須注意如下幾點：★There be句式表示“有”時，它表示一種存在關系，通常帶有一個地點狀語，意為“什么地方（時候）有……”。句式中的主語只能為表泛指的名詞詞組，此外，其主語還可以帶前置或后置定語。例如：1. There is a blackboard in the classroom.2. There are five minutes to go.3. There are two old women waiting for you at the gate.★在正式文體中，該句式中be動詞的單復數(shù)形式取決于以下兩種情況：v （1）該句式中只有一個主語，主語為單數(shù)時，be動詞用單數(shù)；主語若為復數(shù)，be動詞也用復數(shù)。v （2）該句式中有幾個并列主語，則按就近原則處理，即與靠近be動詞的第一個主語保持一致。例如：v 1. There is room for improvement.v 2. There are three apples on the table.v 3. There were only two pens, a dictionary and a textbook on the desk.★“There be +主語+不定式”中，不定式可以有主動和被動兩種形式，不過在口語中主動形式更為常見。例如：1. There is a letter to type today.2. There is no time to lose.3. There are many things to be done now.★There be句式中，be動詞有各種變化形式。（1）be動詞有時態(tài)變化，可以為一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時、將來時等。例如：1. There are a lot of people in the meetingroom.2. There was little left.3. There have been many such traffic accidents in the past few years.4. When he got there, he found there had been no one waiting for him in the room.5. Without air, there would be no living things.6. There is going to be a storm tomorrow morning.（2）There be句式中，be之前可以有情態(tài)動詞。例如：v 1. There may be some people who don’t like the film.v 2. There used to be a temple in the village.句子種類一） 按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。v 1） 陳述句（Declarative Sentences）：說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。v Light travels faster than 。v The film is rather 。v I haven’t got a camera. 我沒有相機.v They have never met before. 他們以前從沒見過面.疑問句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出問題。有以下四種：（General Questions）：v Can you finish the work in time? v 你能按時完成工作嗎？（W Questions。 H Questions）v Where do you live? 你住那兒？v How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事 （Alternative Questions）：v Do you want tea or coffee? v 你是要茶還是要咖啡？ （TagQuestions）：v He knows her, doesn’t he?v 他不認識她，對不對？= Does he know her?v yes, he does.v No , he doesn’t.3） 祈使句（Imperative Sentences）：提出請求，建議或發(fā)出命令，例如：v Sit down, 。v Don39。t be nervous! 別緊張！4） 感嘆句（Exclamatory Sentences）：表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒，例如：v Wh