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八年級英語上冊語法-文庫吧

2025-07-20 14:26 本頁面


【正文】 watchedwatched當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應(yīng)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如:   The boy wants to be a sales assistant.   Our English teacher is from the US.   Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.13) 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的幾種形式  名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成可分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種?!  名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化    。如:     pearpears hamburgerhamburgers     deskdesks          treetrees    , sh, ch, x結(jié)尾的名詞,詞尾加es。如:     classclassesdishdishes     watchwatchesboxboxes    ,詞尾加es。如:     potatopotatoestomatotomatoes     NegroNegroesheroheroes    ,將y變?yōu)閕,再加es。如:     familyfamiliesdictionarydictionaries     citycitiescountrycountries    ,將f或fe變?yōu)関,再加es。如:     halfhalvesleafleaves     thiefthievesknifeknives     selfselveswifewives     lifelives wolfwolves     shelfshelvesloafloaves    但是:     scarfscarves(fes) roofroofs     serfserfs gulfgulfs     chiefchiefs proofproofs     beliefbeliefs  II 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化    。如:     footfeettoothteeth    。如:     manmenwomanwomen     policemanpolicemenpostmanpostmen    。如:     childchildren    。如:     sheepsheepdeerdeer     fishfishpeoplepeople    “某國人”的單、復(fù)數(shù)變化。即“中日瑞不變英法變,其它國把s加后面”。如:     ChineseChineseJapaneseJapanese SwissSwiss     EnglishmanEnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmen       AmericanAmericans AustralianAustralians     CanadianCanadians KoreanKoreans     RussianRussians IndianIndians    。如:     mousemice     apple treeapple trees     man teachermen teachers 14) 雙寫最后一個字母的ing分詞  初中階段常見的有以下這些:→letting   讓   hit→hitting   打、撞   cut→cutting   切、割   get→getting   取、得到   sit→sitting   坐forget→forgetting  忘記put→putting  放set→setting  設(shè)置babysit→babysitting臨時受雇照顧嬰兒  →shopping   購物   trip→tripping   絆   stop→stopping   停止   drop→dropping  放棄→travel(l)ing  旅游   swim→swimming    游泳   run→running     跑步   dig→digging    挖、掘   begin→beginning  開始   prefer→preferring 寧愿plan→planning計劃15) 肯定句變否定句及疑問句要變化的一些詞  。如:  There are some birds in the tree.→There aren39。t any birds in the tree.   但是,若在表示請邀請、請求的句子中,some可以不變。如:    Would you like some orange juice?   與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。  。如:   I have a knife and a ruler.→I don39。t have a knife or a ruler.   lot of (=lots of)變?yōu)閙any或much。如:   They have a lot of friends.(可數(shù)名詞)→They don39。t have many friends.   There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可數(shù)名詞)    →There isn39。t much orange in the bottle.  。如:   I have been there already.→I haven39。t been there yet.16) in與after  in 與 after 都可以表示時間,但二者有所區(qū)別?! ?經(jīng)常用于將來時的句子中,以現(xiàn)在為起點,表示將來一段時間。如:   He will leave for Beijing in a week. 一周后他會動身去北京?! ?經(jīng)常用于過去時的句子中,以過去為起點,表示過去一段時間。如:   He left for Beijing after a week.  一周后他動身去了北京?! 〔贿^,如果after后跟的是具體的時刻,它也可用于將來時。如:   We will finish the work after ten o39?! ??!  39。ll visit him in a week.  一周后我會去拜訪他?!  39。ll visit him twice in a week. 一周內(nèi)我會去拜訪他兩次。17) 不定冠詞a與an的使用   用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。如:   There is a b in the word book. 單詞book中有個字母b?!  ☆愃频淖帜高€有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。   She has a small knife.   她有一把小刀。   用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。如:   There is an i in the word onion.   單詞onion中有個字母i。   類似的字母還有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x?!  o you have an umbrella?   你有一把雨傘嗎?;:  a useful book    a universe    a oneletter word   an hour   an uncle   an umbrellaan honest person18) 如何表達(dá)英語中的“穿、戴”?  英語中表示“穿、戴”的表達(dá)方法有好幾種,常見的有以下這些:  put on 主要表達(dá)“穿”的動作。如:    He put on his ?!  ?You39。d better put on your 。  wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的狀態(tài)。如:    The old man wears a pair of 。    The girl is wearing a red 。dress 可作及物動詞,有“給......穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。如:    Please dress the children right ?!  ?dress 也可作不及物動詞,表示衣著的習(xí)慣。如:    The woman always dresses in ?! e in 表示穿著的狀態(tài)。如:    John is in white ?!  ?The man in black is a football coach.19) alittle,afew與abit(of) a little, a few 與 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意義。他們的區(qū)別:  1. a little 意為“一些、少量”,后接不可數(shù)名詞。如:     There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一點水。     還可以接形容詞。如:     He is a little shy.他有些害羞。   2. a few 意為“一些、少數(shù)”,后接復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞。如:     There are a few people in the room.房間里有一些人。   3. a bit 意為“一點兒”,后接形容詞。如:     It39。s a bit cold.有點冷。     a bit of 后接不可數(shù)名詞。如:     He has a bit of money.他有一點兒錢。   4. a little和a few表肯定意義,little和few表否定意義;如:     There is a little soda in the glass.杯子里有一點兒汽水。     There is little soda in the glass.杯子里幾乎沒有汽水了。     I have a few Chinese friends.我有一些中國朋友。     Few people like him.幾乎沒有人喜歡他。   5. a little = a bit
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