【正文】 piration to others.3. The story of his struggles, errors, experiments with himself, acplishment.4. Wonderful frankness amp。 extreme simplicity 三“God knows, I’m not myself—I’m somebody else—… and I’m changed, and I can’t tell what’s my name, or who I am.”RipDame Van Winkle題目：Rip Van Winkle作者：Washington Irving賞析：1. Rip: selfcentered, careless, antiintellectual, imaginative, and holly as the overgrown child. He symbolizes the immature America.2. Dame Van Winkle (Rip’s wife): symbolizes the puritanical discipline and the work ethic of Franklin.3. Why sleep 20 years?Purpose: to show us clearly the conflicts and dreams of the nations—the conflict of innocence and experience, work and leisure, the old and the new, the head and the heart. It is also to tell us that a man who has looked toward the beginning of civilization in America can make a choice in his analysis of his own life.4. Inevitably changing America.四A subtle chain of countless rings, The next unto the farthest brings。 The eye reads omens where it goes, And speaks all languages the rose。 And, striving to be man, the worm, Mounts through all the spires of form.題目： Nature作者： Ralph Waldo Emerson賞析：1. Transcendentalism2. Prose: casual style (derived from his journals or lectures)。 Characterized by a series of short, declarative sentences, which are quite logically connected but will flower out into illustrative statements of truth and thoughts. Comparisons and metaphors to make the general ideas of his works clearly expressed. Employ literary sources to make and enrich his own points but never let them take the full reins of his discussion.五Hester Prynne 女主角Roger Chillingworth 女主角的丈夫Arthur Dimmesdale 牧師。女主角通奸的對象Pearl 女兒“On a field, sable, the letter A, gules”題目：The Scarlet Letter作者：Nathaniel Hawthorne賞析：1. A story of rebellion within an emotionally constricted Puritan society.2. Undisputed masterpiece of Hawthorne. Reveal Hawthorne’s superb craftsmanship3. Modern psychological insight。 secret motivations in human behaviour。 guilt amp。 anxiety resulted from sins against humanity, esp. from pride.4. Setting: Puritan background of New England in 17 C5. Hawthorne: master of Symbolism. Pearl= thematic symbol: consequence the sin of adultery has brought to the munity and people living in the munity.Letter A= different symbolic meanings (adultery, angel, able, advance, admiration, etc.). The ambiguity is one of the salient features of the work.6. Hester: mitted sin but true to God and herself。 not a real sinner。 sinful just in the sinful eyes of the conventional Puritans.7. Chillingworth: physician, cold observer of life, looking on mankind as the subject of experiment。 lost in revenge。 not true to himself/others/God。 real villain of the story, true sinner.8. Dimmesdale: partner of Hester’s sin。 the concealment of the first sin led to the second sin。 no longer true to God/others, but kept true to himself。 intellectual arrogance amp。 betraying of honesty conflict within him, led to the twisting and distortion of his personality。 suffer most in story.六Ahab / Pequod/Ishmael題目：Moby Dick作者：Herman Melville賞析：1. Ahab: captain of the whaling ship2. Pequod: name of the whaling ship3. Theme: the rebellious struggle of Captain Ahab against the overwhelming, mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.4. Symbols amp。 allegory:Pequod= microcosm of human society。 The voyage= a sea