【正文】 e.　4) 系動詞seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, bee, turn　　You seem a little tired.4 過去進行時 1）概念：過去進行時主要表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作，或表示過去某一階段一直在進行的動作2）過去進行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。3) 常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while　　 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.　　　 It was raining when they left the station. 　　 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.　典型例題1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.　A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes　 答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同　時，when表時間的同時性，瑪麗在做衣服時提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. read； was falling　B. was reading； fell　C. was reading； was falling　D. read；fell　 = when, while，意為當……之時。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。一、過去進行時結構：was/were + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞否定句則在was/were后加一個not,疑問句將was/were提前則可。如：He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday. →He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.→Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday? (Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.)→What was he doing at 5:00 yesterday?二、過去進行時用法：1. 過去進行時主要表示過去某個時刻正在進行的動作，常和表示過去的狀語連用。如： （just）then 那時，當時 at this/that time 在這/那時 yesterday afternoon昨天下午 at nine 在九點 last night 昨晚 （at）this time yesterday在昨天這個時候 但在不少情況下，沒有表示時間的狀語，這時需要通過上下文來表示。 ①What were you doing at nine last night? 昨晚九點的時候，你在做什么？ ②I was watching TV at home yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午正在家里看電視。 ③They were playing football at this time 。常與those days, the whole morning, from 8:00 to 12:00 last night等時間狀語連用。（1）From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale . 從1983到1998年，他正在耶魯大學教書。（2）They were building a bridge last winter . 去年冬天他們正在造一座橋。 (3) He was writing a book those days. 那幾天他正在寫一本書 forever， continually， constantly等連用時表示過去經(jīng)常反復的動作，常常帶有埋怨、討厭、贊揚或喜愛等情緒。 ⑴My sister was always forgetting things.(表示埋怨) ⑵He was always helping others. (表示贊揚)4. 過去進行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作?，F(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來的動作，同樣，過去進行時也可以表示從過去某時看來將要發(fā)生的動作，常用在間接引語中。 ①Lucy arrived in Beijing last Friday. But she was leaving for Hong Kong the next morning. 上周五Lucy到達北京，但第二天早晨就要動身去香港了。 ②She asked him if he was ing back for lunch. 她問他午飯是否準備回來吃。過去進行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別。（1）過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的動作，而一般過去時則表示一個完成的動作。也就是說用一般過去時，只表示有過這件事；用過去進行時，則強調(diào)動作的連續(xù)性。① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我寫了一封信。（信寫完了）I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在寫一封信。（信不一定寫完）② The children watched TV yesterday evening. 昨天晚上孩子們看了電視。（強調(diào)過去發(fā)生了這件事）The children were watching TV yesterday evening. 昨晚孩子們都在看電視。（強調(diào)昨晚看電視這一動作的持續(xù)性）(2) 表示過去的狀態(tài)、感覺及心理活動的靜態(tài)動詞(如be， like， love， hate， fear， own， hear， see， know， want， notice)可用于一般過去時，但通常不用于進行時。如：I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我討厭人們說話時口里含著食物。(3) 一般過去時與always， constantly， forever， continually等連用，表示“過去經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作”。而過去進行時與always， constantly， forever， continually等連用，表示動作的重復，常帶有感****彩。如：He always got up at six. 他過去總是六點起床。He was always thinking of his work. 他總是一心想到工作。(4) 有時過去進行時可以用來替換一般過去時，但一般過去時表示主語的行為是經(jīng)過認真考慮的。而過去進行時表示一種較隨便或沒有進行仔細考慮的行為。如：I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以為它會同意我們的。I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要說服他接受我們的建議6. 使用過去進行時應注意的幾點 (1) 動詞hope， wonder等的過去進行時常用來表示提出要求，雖然表示現(xiàn)在的內(nèi)容，但語氣比一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時要委婉。如：　　I was wondering whether you could e to join us. 我想你能否過來跟我們一起活動?7下面幾種情況不用一般過去時而要用過去進行時：(1). 表示過去某一階段暫時性的習慣動作時。如：Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 湯姆那一周里每天都是六點鐘起床。(2). 與always連用表示贊美，厭煩等感情色彩時。如：John was always ing to school late. 約翰上學總是遲到。Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷鋒總是為人民做好事。(3) 用來描寫故事發(fā)生的情景時。如：　　It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the ，風刮得很厲害，雨下得很大，一個解放軍戰(zhàn)士突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上，他想過河去。(4) when作并列連詞，表示“(這時)突然”之意時，第一個并列分句用過去進行時，when引導的并列分句用一般過去時。如：I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇見了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我們正在外邊玩，這時下起雨來了。(5) go, e, leave, start, arrive等動詞可用過去進行時表示過去將來的含義。如：I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武漢。She was ing later. 她隨后就來。8過去進行時表示婉轉語氣(只限于want, hope, wonder 等動詞)，用以提出請求。如：I was wondering if you could help me.I was hoping you could send me home.三、when, while 的用法 when和while與過去進行時有著密切的關系，他們作從屬連詞時都有“當…….時候”之意，用法稍有不同：① when引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞可以是短暫性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，而while引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞。② when引導的從句謂語動詞如果是短暫性動詞則用一般過去時，主句是延續(xù)性動詞則用過去進行時，從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作的時間段之內(nèi)（長動作用過去進行時，短動作用一般過去時）；如果主句和從句兩個謂語動詞都是延續(xù)性動詞則全部用過去進行時,這時when和while都可以用。③ when從句的謂語動詞可以在主句謂語動作之前、之后或同時發(fā)生；while和as從句的謂語動作必須是和主句謂語動作同時發(fā)生。when +短/延while +延④ when和while兩個詞還可以用作并列連詞，但意思不同，when相當于“在那時”，等于at that time或just then。而while則相當于“而；卻；但是”；相當于but,表示對比關系。（這一點暫時可以不掌握）eg. ⑴ I was playing puter games when my father got home. = When my father got home,I was playing puter games. (2) Mother was cooking when/while I was doing my homework. = When/While I was doing my homework, mother was cooking.過去進行時鞏固練習：（聰明的你一定能全部做對）1． Simon _____________ (make) a model plane at 8:00 .2． Peter ______________(do) his homework at seven last night.3． They ____________ (watch) a football match from 7:00 to 9:00 last night.4． He _____________(try) to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.5． What book ________ you ____________(read) when I ________ (see)you at four yesterday afternoon?6． While she __________ (watch) TV, her son ____________ (play) outside the room.7． It ________ (begin) to rain while we _____________(work) in the field.8． I ________ (do) my homework last night when the light _______ (go) out. {go out 意為熄滅}9． ——I saw you in the reading room yesterday , Tom. What were you doing?Oh, I ____________ (read) some books on science.10. Girls ___________(dance) while boys ____________(sing) at the party. Did you see Tim just now? Yes. He __________ (fish