控制系統(tǒng)的介紹英文翻譯-文庫吧
2025-10-02 13:35 本頁面
【正文】 blems that affect modern man. BIASIC CONCEPTS Control system analysis is concerned with the study of the behavior of dynamic systems. The analysis relies upon the fundamentals of system theory where the governing differential equations assume a causeeffect relationship. A physical system may be represented as shown in Fig. where the excitation or input is x(t) and the response or output is y(t) . A simple control system is shown in Fig. Here the output is pared to the input signal, and the difference of these two signals bees the excitation to the physical system, and we speak of the control system , such as described in Fig . involves the obtaining of y(t) given the input and output are specified and we wish to design the system characteristics, then this is known as synthesis. SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION Because control systems occur so frequently in our lives, their study is quite important. Generally, a control system is posed of several subsystems connected in such a way as to yield the proper causeeffect relationship. Since the various subsystems can be electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, biological, etc., the plete description of the entire system requires the understanding of fundamental relationships in many different disciplines. Fortunately, the similarity in the dynamic behavior of different physical systems makes this task easier and more interesting. As an example of a control system consider the simplified version of the attitude control of a spacecraft illustrated in . We wish the satellite to have some specific attitude relative to an inertial coordinate 6 system. The actual attitude is measured by an attitude sensor on board the satellite. If the desired and actual attitudes are not the same, then the parator sends a signal to the valves which open and cause gas jet firings. These jet firings give the necessary corrective signal to the satellite dynamics thereby it under control .A control system represented this way is said to be represented by block diagrams. Such a representation is helpful in the partitioning of a large system into subsystems and thereby allowing the study of one subsystem at a time. If we have many inputs and outputs that are monitored and controlled, the block diagram appears as illustrated in . Systems where several variables are monitored and controlled are called multivariable systems. Examples of multivariable systems are found in chemical processing, guidance and control of vehicles, the national economy, urban problems. The number of control
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