【正文】 shes, newspapers, waters, snows…… | | | 各種各樣的魚 各種報(bào)紙 河湖、海水 積雪?有些抽象名詞也常用復(fù)數(shù)，變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)的具體的事物。如：times時(shí)代，works著作，difficulties困難?在表數(shù)量時(shí)，常用“of”詞組來表示。如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper….2）可數(shù)名詞：?可數(shù)名詞除用復(fù)數(shù)形式表一類之外，一般都要加冠詞：A birdcaufly.The frog is a kind of hibernating animal. Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.?有復(fù)數(shù)形式：a）規(guī)則變化——加“s”或“es”（與初中同，略）b）不規(guī)則變化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon(phenomena)…注意：c）單、復(fù)數(shù)同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一種魚）……。如，a sheep, two sheepd）只用復(fù)數(shù)形式：thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes,…e）形復(fù)實(shí)單：physics, politics, maths, news, plastics（塑料），means.f）形單實(shí)復(fù)：people (人民，人們)，the police, cattle等g）集合名詞如：family, public, group, class等。當(dāng)作為整體時(shí)，為單數(shù)；當(dāng)作為整體中的各個(gè)成員時(shí)，為復(fù)數(shù)。如： My family is a big one. My family are music lovers.h）復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，(a)只把復(fù)合名詞中的主體各詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：sister(s)inlaw嫂子，弟妹；stepson (s)繼子；editor (s) inchief總編輯。(b)如沒有主體名詞則在最后一個(gè)詞的后面加“s”。如：grownup(s)成年人，gobetween(s)中間人(c）woman, man作定語時(shí)，要與被修飾的名詞的數(shù)一致。如：a man servant—men servants, a woman doctor—women doctors二、名詞的所有格：表有生命的東西（人或動(dòng)物）的名詞所有格，一般在名詞后加“’s”。如：Mike’s bag, Children’s Day, my brother’s room, women’s rights…注意：1）名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞尾是s或es，它的所有格只在詞后加“s”。如：Teachers’ Day, the workers’ resthome（工人療養(yǎng)院），the students’ readingroom2）復(fù)合名詞的所有格，在后面的詞后加“’s”。如：her soninlaw’s photo（她女婿的照片）；anybody else’s book（其他任何人的書）3）如果一樣?xùn)|西為兩人或兩人以上共有，則在最后的一個(gè)名詞后面加“’s”； 如果不是共有，則每個(gè)詞后都要加“’s”。如：Jane and Helen’s room. 珍妮和海倫的房間（共有）. Bill’s and Tom’s radios. 比爾的收音機(jī)和湯姆的 收音機(jī)（不共有）4）表地點(diǎn)（店鋪，某人的家等）的名詞所有格后面，一般省去它所修飾的名詞。如：the tailor’s (裁縫鋪) the doctor’s (診所) Mr Brown’s (布朗先生的家)5）有些表時(shí)間、距離、國家、城鎮(zhèn)的無生命的名詞，也可加“’s”表所有格。如：half an hour’s walk (半小時(shí)的路程) China’s agriculture (中國的農(nóng)業(yè))表示無生命的東西的名詞一般與of構(gòu)成詞組，表示所有格。如：the cover of the book表示有生命的東西的名詞也可以用of，特別是名詞較長，有較多的定語時(shí)。如：the story of Dr Norman BethuneDo you know the name of the boy standing at the gate?“of詞組+所有格”的用法：在表示所屬物的名詞前有冠詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞或指示代詞（如：a, two, some, a few, this, that, these, those等）時(shí)，常用“of詞組+所有格”的形式來表示所有關(guān)系。如：a friend of my father’s 我父親的一位朋友。some inventions of Edison’s 愛迪生的一些發(fā)明those exercisebooks of the students’ 學(xué)生們的那些練習(xí)本?！緦ｍ?xiàng)訓(xùn)練】：There are only twelve in the hospital. A．woman doctors B．women doctors C．women doctor D．woman doctorMr Smith has two , both of whom are teachers in a school. A．brothersinlaw B．brotherinlaws C．brothersinlaws D．brothersin law——How many does a cow have? ——Four. A．stomaches B．stomach C．stomachs D．stomachiesSome visited our school last Wednesday. A．German B．Germen C．Germans D．GermensThe of the building are covered with lots of . A．roofs。 leaves B．rooves。 leafs C．roof。 leaf D．roofs。 leafsWhen the farmer returned home he found three missing. A．sheeps B．sheepes C．sheep D．sheepiesThat was a fifty engine. A．horse power B．horses power C．horse powers D．horses powersMy father often gives me . A．many advice B．much advice C．a(chǎn) lot of advices D．a(chǎn) few adviceMary broke a while she was washing up. A．tea cup B．a(chǎn) cup of tea C．tea’s cup D．cup teaCan you give us some about the writer? A．informations B．information C．piece of informations D．pieces information1I had a cup of and two pieces of this morning. A．teas。 bread B．teas。 breads C．tea。 breads D．tea。 bread1As is known to us all, travels much faster than . A．lights。 sounds B．light。 sound C．sound。 light D．sounds。 lights1She told him of all her and . A．hope。 fear B．hopes。 fear C．hopes。 fears D．hope。 fears1The rising did a lot of to the crops. A．water。 harm B．water。 harms C．waters。 harm D．waters。 harms1——How far away is it from here to your school? ——It’s about . A．half an hour’s drive B．half hours drives C．half an hour drives D．half an hour drive1The shirt isn’t mine. It’s . A．Mrs Smith B．Mrs’ Smith C．Mrs Smiths’ D．Mrs Smith’s1Miss Johnson is a friend of . A．Mary’s mother B．Mary’s mothers’ C．Mary mother’s D．Mary’s mother’s1Last week I called at my . A．a(chǎn)unt B．a(chǎn)unts C．a(chǎn)unt’s D．a(chǎn)untes’1The beach is a throw. A．stone B．stones C．stones’ D．stone’sI can hardly imagine sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A．Peter’ B．Peter C．Peters D．Peters’【答案】： B A C stomach（胃）雖是“ch”結(jié)尾，但其發(fā)音為[k]，所以加“s”，不用加“es”。 C A roof, chief, gulf, belief等詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，直接加“s”。 C A 名詞作定語一般不用復(fù)數(shù)。 B A 根據(jù)句意，打破的應(yīng)是杯子，而不是茶；名詞作定語表類別不用加“’s”。 B 1D 1B 1C 1C 1A 1D 根據(jù)上句，此處應(yīng)是史密斯太太的襯衫。 1D 1C 1D a stone’s throw是固定短語，意為“近在咫尺”。 B 此句中Peter作動(dòng)名詞sailing的所有格，本應(yīng)用Peter’s，但因其在動(dòng)詞后作賓語，所以可用賓格，因此B為正確答案。三、主謂一致Agreement知識(shí)要點(diǎn)： 在英語的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與主語的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。如何判定，則要看句子的意思。多數(shù)情況下，根據(jù)句子的主語形式就能判定，但有的則要看整句的意思，及強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。下面我們就常用的、易混的幾種情況作一下解釋。以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：1）The book is on the table.2）He is reading English.3）To work hard is necessary.（It is necessary to work hard.）4）How you get there is a problem.復(fù)數(shù)主語跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：Children like to play toys.在倒裝句中，動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面的主語的數(shù)一致。如以here,there開頭，be 動(dòng)詞與后面第一個(gè)名詞一致。如：1）There is a dog near the door.2）There were no schools in this area before liberation.3）Here es the bus.4）On the wall were two famous paintings.5）Here is Mr Brown and his children.and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如果主語后跟有with, together with, except, but, perhaps , like, including, as well as, no less than, more than, rather than等引起的短語，謂語動(dòng)詞仍與短語前的主語的形式保持一致。如：1）Jane, Mary and I are good friends.2）He and my father work in the same factory.3）His sister, no less than you, is wrong.4）The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.5）He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.6）Every picture except these two has been sold.7）Alice w