《遺傳學(xué)概論》ppt課件-文庫吧
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【正文】 ato and Wernike, discovered antitoxin for Diphtheria and Tetanus and applied as therapy. ? Awarded first Nobel Prize in physiology, 1901 Paul Ehrlich (1854 – 1915) Developed a series of tissuestaining dyes including that for tubercle bacillus. ? Worked with Koch. Developed antitoxin (Diphtheria) and hemalysis ? Sidechain theory of antibody formation: surface receptors bound by lock amp。 key。 Ag stimulated receptors ? Shared 1908 Nobel Prize with Metchnikoff. Elie Metchnikoff (18451916) Embryologist studying starfish development. Found phagocytosis. Phagocytes from larva stuck on thorn from a tangerine tree. Later he found a fungal spore attached to a phagocyte of Daphnia. Formed the basis of leukocyte phagocytosis. Birth of cellular immunology Shared Nobel Prize with Ehrlich in 1908 Sir Frank Macfarlane Bur (18991985) Important work on influenza. Discovery of an influenza viral enzyme with the specificity for particular forms of neuramic acid. Used today for detection. ? Clonal selection theory to explain tolerance ?1960 Nobel Prize for the discovery of acquired immunological tolerance. Rejection of donor grafts was due to an immunological reaction and that tolerance can be built up by injections into embryos. Gerald M. Edelman 1929 Rodney R. Porter 19171985 1972 Nobel Prize for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies. BARUJ BENACERRAF JEAN DAUSSET GEORGE D. SNELL Discovered genes that regulate immune responses (Ir gene), Now known ad the major histopatibility antigens 1980 Noble prize Niels K. Jerne (19121994) ? Antibody avidity maturation ? Plaque forming assay ? Preexisting repertoire (in host DNA) theory helped the formation of clonal selection theory. ? Host MHC is the driving force for the maturation and selection of T cells in the thymus. ? **Idiotype work Nobel Prize, 1984, for theories concerning the spe
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