【正文】 B. to have been built C. to have built D. to have being built 使用不帶to的不定式 1)why not do表示委婉的建議 例１：Why not_A____Professor Li for help He is kindhearted and willing to help. A. ask B. you ask C. to ask D. your asking 2)使役動詞have, make, let的后面接不定式做賓語補足語時，用省to的不定式。 例２：The teacher has the students ___D__ a position every other week. A. to write B. written C. writing D. write例３：While he was climbing the high mountain, he had his leg_C____ A. broke B. break C. broken D. breaking 例４：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself__D___ A. hearing B. being told C. to hear D. heard 觀察、研究3)表示生理感覺的動詞如see, watch, notice, observe, hear后面接不定式做賓語補足語時，用省to的不定式。 例５：With tears on her face, the old lady watched the little boy_B____ to a hospital. A. send B. to be sent C. being sent D. sending4)do something but/except do 例６：There is nothing we can do A_____ wait. 盡管、雖然 A. but B. rather than C. in spite of C. besides.5)記住下列不帶to的短語 can’t but can’t help but had better 2. 動名詞 1. 有些動詞后面既可以接動名詞又可以接不定式，但意思有差異 remember forget regret stop go on mean 2. 后面跟動名詞的固定句式 have trouble/problems/difficult doing something feel like spend/waste…doing something can’t help need/deserve/want be worth what about/how about3. 分詞 分詞作表語 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 例1：During the discussion, Mr Boyd remained silent when asking his opinion. A B C D 例2：Your experiment reports must be checked with care before__D_____ A. handed them in B. them handing in C. being handed in D. handing them in 例３：_D______ in the air fuels give off heat. A. T burn B. Burned C. T be burned D. Being burned 五、狀語從句 趙文通 考試重點： 1． 時間狀語從句 ★ while/ when/ as/ until ★ 一…就… no sooner…than/ hardly…when/ scarcely…when ★ the momentthe minute the instant ★ 固定句型It is/has been ….since… 1. 原因狀語從句 now that in that 2. 條件狀語從句unless as long as 只要 provided that 3. 讓步狀語從句as though although even if even though while whatever 例1：If you read the book a second time, and you will probably have quite a different A B C understanding of the events described in it. D 例2：Hard as he worked, but Mr. Brown couldn’t keep the shop properly. A B C D 六、平行結(jié)構(gòu) and, or, but 比較級 例1：I enjoy eating in good restaurants and to go to the theater afterwards. A B C D 例２：It usually takes much less time to fly from one country to another than traveling by train. A B C D 例３：The rooms were then empty and most of them have been shut up. A B C D Prefer引出的平行結(jié)構(gòu)： Prefer something to something Prefer doing something to doing something Prefer to do something rather than do somethingPrefer的特殊用法： Prefer somebody to do something : I prefer you to speak English in the class. a number of, the number of 　　 a number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，意為許多，大量的…… 　　 the number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，意為……的數(shù)目 able, capable, petent able為常用詞，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知識與時間等，搭配是be able to do 。如：A cat is able to see in the dark. （貓在黑暗中能看見東西。） capable 指滿足一般要求的能力，搭配是be capable of +doing。 petent 指“勝任”，“合格”，或受過專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的，但不是超群的能力。如：A doctor should be petent to treat many diseases. （醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。） above all；after all；at all。 in all above all意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”，常位于句首或句中，作插入語，起強調(diào)作用。如： But above all tell me quickly what I have to do．可首先快些告訴我該做什么。 after all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”，在句中位置較靈活?？晌挥诰涫?、句中或句末。如： After all，your birthday is only two weeks away．畢竟，兩周后就是你的生日。 He is，after all，a small child．他畢竟還是個小孩子。 He failed after all．他終于失敗了。 at all用于否定句時，意為“絲毫；根本”，用于疑問句時意為“究竟；到底”，用于條件句時，常譯為“當(dāng)真；實在”。用于肯定句中，表示說話人的某種情緒或情感（如懷疑或驚奇等），意為“竟然”等。如： He doesn’t like you at all．他根本不喜歡你。 Are you going to do it at all？你究竟做不做這件事？ If you do it at all，do it well．若你真要做這件事，就得做好。 I was surprised at his ing at all．他竟然來了，我很驚訝。 in all意為“總共”，既可放在句首，也可放在句末。如： There are 25,000 Inuit in all．(＝In all, there are 25,000 Inuit．) 這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。 aboard, abroad, board, broadaboard 在船（或飛機，車）上。如：I never went aboard a ship.abroad 副詞，在國外或海外。如：He often goes abroad.board 為動詞，上（船，飛機，車）。如：The passengers are boarding the plane now. broad 為形容詞，寬廣的。如：He has very broad shoulders. accept, receive accept 接受，receive“接到”，“收到”。如：I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it. （昨天我收到了一個請柬，但并沒有接受邀請。） accident, incident, event accident事故。如：a traffic accident （交通事故） incident“附帶事件”，在政治上特指引起國際爭端或戰(zhàn)爭的事件，事變。 event “事件”，指特別重要的事件，通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，也指國家和社會的事件。7accurate, correct, exact, precise accurate準(zhǔn)確的，精確的。如：Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.（火車站的鐘應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確的。） correct“正確的”，指符合一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)則，含有“無錯誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect, wrong. exact“精確的”，“恰好的”，比“大體上正確”更進一步，表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。 precise強調(diào)“精確”，“精密”。 accuse, charge, sue accuse 指責(zé)，指控，常與of 搭配。如：His boss accused him of carelessness. charge 常與with搭配。如：The police charged the driver with reckless driving. sue 常與for 搭配。如：Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house. acquire, require, inquire acquire取得，獲得，學(xué)到。如：acquire knowledge （獲得知識） inquire打聽，詢問。如：inquire a person’s name（問一個人的姓名） require需要。如：We require more help. （我們需要更多的幫助。） adopt, adapt adopt （１）收養(yǎng)。如：Since they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt a little girl. （他們自己沒有孩子，所以決定收養(yǎng)一個小女孩。）（２）采納，采用，通過。如：He adopted our suggestion.（他采納了我們的建議。） adopt與adapt詞形相近，后者的意思是“使適合”，“改編”等。1advantage, benefit, profit advantage 常指一種使某