【正文】 he gives it away. Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想對(duì)我說什么嗎？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cottonwool. He knew I collected birds39。 eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to these questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cottonwool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled out the wrong tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美夢(mèng)告終Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.Lesson50 Taken for a ride 乘車兜風(fēng)I love travelling in the country, but I don39。t like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected. 39。 I39。m going to Woodford Green,39。 I said to the conductor as I got on the bus,39。 but I don39。t know where it is.39。 39。 I39。ll tell you where to get off,39。 answered the conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.39。 You39。ll have to get off here,39。 the conductor said. 39。This is as far as we go.39。 39。 Is this Woodford Green ?39。 I asked. 39。Oh dear,39。 said the conductor suddenly.39。 I forgot to put you off.39。 39。It doesn39。t matter,39。 I said. 39。I39。ll get off here.39。 39。We are going back now,39。 said the conductor. 39。Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus,39。 I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 對(duì)美德的獎(jiǎng)賞My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. 39。This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen,39。 she said. She gazed at it for some time then added, 39。You don39。t need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet!39。 Lesson53 Hot snake 觸電的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire亞運(yùn)村電動(dòng)汽車充電樁技術(shù)方案廣州南方電力集團(tuán)科技發(fā)展有限公司2010年1月第一部分 充電樁發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀 目前，珍惜地球上有限的石油資源，保護(hù)人類賴以生存的自然環(huán)境，減少溫室氣體排放量，遏制全球變暖趨勢(shì)已經(jīng)成為全世界各國面臨的共同話題。 汽車作為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)化大工業(yè)的產(chǎn)物，為推動(dòng)人類文明向前躍進(jìn)做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)，給人類的生活帶來了舒適和便捷。根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，目前汽車的耗油量已占全部石油消耗的75%,同時(shí)也帶來了巨大的環(huán)境污染。 要緩解這兩個(gè)日趨嚴(yán)重的兩個(gè)問題，汽車工業(yè)必然向著環(huán)保、清潔和節(jié)能的方向發(fā)展，包括發(fā)展清潔替代燃料汽車和電動(dòng)汽車。電動(dòng)汽車在環(huán)保、清潔、節(jié)能等方面占據(jù)明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)，據(jù)相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)，污染物排量?jī)H為普通內(nèi)燃機(jī)車的2－8%，基本無污染物排放。電動(dòng)汽車具有無(低)污染物排放、噪音低、能效高、維修及運(yùn)行成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，它的廣泛普及將是緩解大氣環(huán)境污染和能源緊缺的最有效方式之一。電動(dòng)汽車是指以車載電源為動(dòng)力，用電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)車輪行駛，符合道路交通、安全法規(guī)各項(xiàng)要求的車輛。目前國際國內(nèi)汽車廠商相繼推出了相關(guān)的電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)品，主要廠商有比亞迪，萬向集團(tuán)，上汽，奇瑞、大眾、豐田、日產(chǎn)等。電動(dòng)汽車詳細(xì)可分為三類：即僅以車載蓄電池（或電容）為動(dòng)力源的純電動(dòng)汽車，以多個(gè)車載動(dòng)力源提供動(dòng)力的混合動(dòng)力電動(dòng)汽車（當(dāng)前主要是指以內(nèi)燃機(jī)及蓄電池）和以燃料電池為動(dòng)力的燃料電池汽車。經(jīng)過近30年的努力，特別是過去10多年國家汽車生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)政策的調(diào)整，我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)呈現(xiàn)爆發(fā)式增長(zhǎng)，產(chǎn)銷規(guī)模在19982008年的10年間保持 了20%以上的年均增幅。目前我國已躍居世界第一大汽車消費(fèi)國和第三大汽車生產(chǎn)國。我國汽車工業(yè)發(fā)展為世界矚目，但在傳統(tǒng)燃油汽車領(lǐng)域與發(fā)達(dá)國家有很大差 距，但在新能源汽車上的差距卻沒有那么大。特別在電動(dòng)汽車領(lǐng)域，我國企業(yè)在關(guān)鍵的電池技術(shù)上獲得了突破，具備了率先啟動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的條件，有實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越的機(jī)會(huì)。 電動(dòng)汽車為我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)縮短差距、實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越提供了難得的重大戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇。我國從“十五”時(shí)期開始實(shí)施新能源汽車科技規(guī)劃，“863”項(xiàng)目共投入20億元研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)，形成了以純電動(dòng)、油電混合動(dòng)力、燃料電池三條技術(shù)路線為“三 縱”，以多能源動(dòng)力總成控制系統(tǒng)、驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)及其控制系統(tǒng)、動(dòng)力蓄電池及其管理系統(tǒng)三種共性技術(shù)為“三橫”的電動(dòng)汽車研發(fā)格局。共計(jì)200多家整車及零部件 企業(yè)、高校和科研院所，以及3000多名科技人員直接參加了電動(dòng)汽車專項(xiàng)研發(fā)。經(jīng)過近十年的發(fā)展，我國電動(dòng)汽車的研發(fā)取得明顯進(jìn)展。到2009年，我國已形成約1800項(xiàng)專利，并開發(fā)出了多款電動(dòng)汽車樣車。目前，共有48個(gè)型號(hào) 的各類電動(dòng)汽車獲得機(jī)動(dòng)車新產(chǎn)品公告，其中，比亞迪、奇瑞、長(zhǎng)安等企業(yè)的插電式和油電混合動(dòng)力汽車已具備上市銷售的條件。電動(dòng)汽車在我國正在進(jìn)入快速發(fā)展 新階段。純電動(dòng)汽車的最大瓶頸是電池。電動(dòng)汽車對(duì)電池的要求比較高，高比能、高比功率、快速充電和具有深度放電功能、循環(huán)和使用壽命長(zhǎng)。鉛酸電池作為比較成 熟的技術(shù)，雖然其比能量、比功率和能量密度都比較低，但是高的性價(jià)比及高倍率放電，成為目前唯一能大批量生成的電動(dòng)汽車用電池。鎳鎘電池和鎳氫電池雖然性 能好于鉛酸電池，但是其性價(jià)比不高，含重金屬，用完遺棄后對(duì)環(huán)境會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重污染。目前，越來越多的研究人員選用鋰離子電池作為電動(dòng)汽車的動(dòng)力電池，因?yàn)殇囯x子動(dòng)力電池有以下優(yōu)點(diǎn)：工作電壓高（是鎳鎘電池氫鎳電池的3倍）； 比能量大（可達(dá)165WH/㎏，是氫鎳電池的3倍）；體積?。毁|(zhì)量輕；循環(huán)壽命長(zhǎng)；自放電率低；無記憶效應(yīng)；無污染等。如果采用鋰離子電池，電動(dòng)汽車成本 難以降低。磷酸鐵鋰電池也是一種鋰電池，其比能量不到鈷酸鋰電池的一半，但是其安全性高，循環(huán)次數(shù)能達(dá)到2000次，放電穩(wěn)定，價(jià)格便宜，成為車用動(dòng)力新 的