【正文】 s in the sky. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示說話時正在進行的動作或現(xiàn)階段一直在進行的動作。☆注意☆它的構(gòu)成是：be的現(xiàn)在時形式（am , is , are）加動詞的ing形式。如：What are you doing? I’m writing a letter. What are they doing? They’re swimming.Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.Look, Amy is reading an English book. ☆注意☆ 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing　，如having , writing ③ 雙寫最后一個字母的（此類動詞極少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting４、一般過去時主要用來表示在特定過去時間中一次完成的動作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過去的習(xí)慣動作。它與現(xiàn)在時間不發(fā)生關(guān)系，它表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復(fù)存在。它經(jīng)常與表示過去的時間連用。如：I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night. I watched TV yesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test. ☆注意☆　一般過去時主要體現(xiàn)在動詞的形式要用過去式，動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：Ａ、規(guī)則動詞① 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed　；如　worked , learned , cleaned , visited②　以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d??；如　lived , danced , used③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed?。ù祟悇釉~較少）如　study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （play、stay除外）④ 雙寫最后一個字母（此類動詞較少）如　stopped Ｂ、不規(guī)則動詞（此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記）小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read , fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , e – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt ☆注意☆句子的形式：肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom.I’m going to buy a ic book tonight. He will eat lunch at 12:00.I’m reading a book. They are swimming.I watched TV yesterday evening. 否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor. He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not four fans in our classroom.I’m not going to buy a ic book tonight. He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.I’m not reading a book. They are not (aren’t) swimming.I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening. ☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you going to buy a ic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t). Are you reading a book? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.☆注意☆ 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，①把動詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。②沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞（do，does，did）再把緊跟在后面的動詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點符號變成問號即可。這三個助動詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個單詞（助動詞）和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：What is this? It’s a puter.What does he do? He’s a doctor.Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many（多少(數(shù)量)）, how much（多少(錢)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多長）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I