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詞義,通??梢酝ㄟ^一些連詞或副詞來判斷,如 but, or, however, while, on the contrary, on the other hand 等。如: There are more _____________ teachers in my schools than men teachers. 答案: women。解釋:通過對比后面的 men teachers 可以確定空格詞義是“女性的”,即名詞 women 作定語修飾 teachers。 ( 3)因果法:指通過句子的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系或句子之間存在的因果關(guān)系來判斷詞義。如: The museum was so______ that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. 答案: large。解釋:根據(jù)結(jié)果狀語從句的含義“不可能一天之內(nèi)看完所有的展品”可以判斷主句指的原因是“博物館太大了”。 ( 4)語境線索:即通過上下語境確定空格內(nèi)要填的詞義。如: One day mother looked at Nick’s shoes and said, “Nick, look at your shoes. How _____ they are! You must clean them”. 答案: dirty。解釋:根據(jù)語境“看看你的鞋子、你必須把它們弄干凈”可以判斷空格處詞義是“臟的”,句意是“你的鞋子是多么臟!”。 根據(jù)句子成分確定詞性 對于純空格形式的填空,在確定詞義后,還要判斷所填詞的詞性。詞性的判斷主要是通過分析句子的成分來確定。一般情況下可以作如下分析: (1)主語和賓語一般由名詞、代詞充當(dāng),有時(shí)也有動(dòng)名詞、不定式短語。如: From Monday until Friday, most people are busy working or studying, but in the evening or on weekends they are free to relax and enjoy _____. 答案: themselves。解釋:此處考查代詞作賓語的用法。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),句子的主語是 they,謂語是 are free, to relax and enjoy _____是目的狀語,在這個(gè)狀語中缺賓語,再根據(jù)語境“周末時(shí)自由放松”,所以要使用反身代詞 themselves。 ( 2)謂語主要是由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。在確定詞義后, 要判斷其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由于題目要求每空只填 一詞,所以時(shí)態(tài)一般只考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。 如: She is the one who always takes his sorrow as her own sorrow, the one who always _________ by his side whether he is poor or rich. 答案: stands。解釋:此處考查作謂語的動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)語境,此空含義是“站在(他身邊)”,即 stand 。同時(shí)根據(jù)前后句的時(shí)態(tài)可以判斷要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),由于主語是 she,所以使用第三人稱單數(shù) stands。 但有時(shí)也可能涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞,如: At midnight, I woke up to find the wife ________ soundly in her man’s embrace. I could see the 中學(xué)英數(shù)教學(xué)網(wǎng) 第 3 頁 共 5 頁 3 smile of security on her face. 答案: sleeping。解釋:此處考查語境理解及賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。根據(jù)語境“半夜我醒來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)那人的妻子正在她的男人的懷抱中熟睡”,所以使用動(dòng)詞 sleep 的現(xiàn)在分詞形式充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語。 ( 3)表語、定語和補(bǔ)語一般由形容詞充當(dāng) ,有時(shí)也有動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等。如: Every year, on Spring Festival Eve, CCTV broadcasts its Spring Festival Gala___________ to millions of viewers. 答案: live。解釋:此處考查語境理解及形容詞充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語的用法。 broadcast…live 意為“現(xiàn)場直播”。 ( 4)狀語主要由副詞充當(dāng)。如: He dug for 12 hours…24 hours. _______,in the 38 th hour, he pulled back