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硅集成電路-熱氧化技術(shù)-文庫(kù)吧

2024-11-23 11:23 本頁(yè)面


【正文】 p+ Silicon substrate Source Drain Gate Oxide Applications: Barrier Oxide Purpose: Protect active devices and silicon from followon processing. Comments: Thermally grown to several hundred Angstroms thickness. Barrier oxide Diffused resistors Metal p+ Silicon substrate Oxide Applications: Dopant Barrier Purpose: Masking material when implanting dopant into wafer. Example: Spacer oxide used during the implant of dopant into the source and drain regions. Comments: Dopants diffuse into unmasked areas of silicon by selective diffusion. Dopant barrier spacer oxide Ion implantation Gate Spacer oxide protects narrow channel from highenergy implant Oxide Applications: Pad Oxide Purpose: Provides stress reduction for Si3N4 Comments: Thermally grown and very thin. Passivation Layer ILD4 ILD5 M3 M4 Pad oxide Bonding pad metal Nitride Oxide Applications: Implant Screen Oxide Purpose: Sometimes referred to as ―sacrificial oxide‖, screen oxide, is used to reduce implant channeling and damage. Assists creation of shallow junctions. Comments: Thermally grown Ion implantation Screen oxide High damage to upper Si surface + more channeling Low damage to upper Si surface + less channeling p+ Silicon substrate Passivation layer ILD4 ILD5 M3 M4 Interlayer oxide Bonding pad metal Oxide Applications: Insulating Barrier between Metal Layers Purpose: Serves as protective layer between metal lines. Comments: This oxide is not thermally grown, but is deposited. – . SiO2膜的熱氧化方法(干、濕、水汽、高壓、摻氯、低溫) – 1)器件對(duì)氧化膜的基本要求 ? 致密、雜質(zhì)缺陷少(體內(nèi)活動(dòng)和固定電荷少)、Si/SiO2界面態(tài)密度小。 – 2)干氧氧化 ? Si+O2?SiO2 ? 特點(diǎn): 致密、雜質(zhì)缺陷少、 Si/SiO2界面態(tài)密度小、疏水性好 ? – 3)水汽氧化 ? Si+2H2O ?SiO2+2H2? ? 實(shí)際過(guò)程較復(fù)雜 ? 水汽氧化的氧化速度快,較疏松,掩蔽能力差,疏水性差。 ? – 4)濕氧氧化 ? 干氧與濕氧混和 ? 質(zhì)量介于前兩種之間 ? 在作為掩膜和介質(zhì)隔離的氧化膜,常采用 干 濕 干 工藝 O2 – 5) H O2合成氧化 ? 特點(diǎn):質(zhì)量接近干氧氧化,氧化速度接近水汽氧 化。 – 6)摻氯氧化 ? 干氧氧化時(shí),加入少許( ?1%) HCl、 Cl2或 TCE(三氯乙烯) ? 特點(diǎn):能有效地鈍化氧化膜中的可動(dòng)正離子; 降低界面態(tài)濃度; 抑制氧化層錯(cuò)的生長(zhǎng); 氧化速率增加; 可以利用 [Cl]清除雜質(zhì); HCl N2 O2 H2 Gas panel Furnace Burn box Scrubber Exhaust Wet Oxygen Oxidation Figure – 7)高壓氧化 (HIPOX) High Pressure Oxidation ? ~25 atm、生長(zhǎng)速度快、可低溫生長(zhǎng)( ~600176。 C) 主要用于 場(chǎng)氧化 和 隔離氧化 p+ S il ic on s ub st ra tep E pi ta xi al l ay ernw el l pw el lField oxid e is ol at es a ct iv e re gi on s fr om e ac h ot he r . – 8) 低壓氧化 有效地控制(降低)氧化速率(?) – 9)等離子體氧化 ? 溫度低( ~500176。 C)、低壓氧化、不引入氧化層錯(cuò)( OISF)、氧化時(shí)無(wú)雜質(zhì)再分布 – 10)光等離子體氧化 ? 加紫外光照,以提高氧化速度,降低溫度( ~100176。 C) – . SiO2膜的熱氧化生長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力學(xué) (P68~70) – 1)物理機(jī)理 ( DealGrove Model) SiO2中 Si比 O原子穩(wěn)定, SiO2網(wǎng)絡(luò)中氧
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