【正文】 含水率 土壤含水率是土壤重要物理性狀之一，土壤中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素只有溶解在水中，才能為樹(shù)木所吸收和利用。 土壤含水率對(duì)水分小循環(huán) (如植物生長(zhǎng)、溶質(zhì)運(yùn)移、土壤侵蝕等 ) 和水文大循環(huán) (如區(qū)域景觀格局 )具有重要影響 。 土壤水分是植物生長(zhǎng)所必需的，并參與土壤中各種物質(zhì)的轉(zhuǎn) 化過(guò)程，對(duì)林木的正常生長(zhǎng)具有十分重要的意義。 13 Test Results: (A) Analysis of Evodia forest soil physical properties (1) soil moisture content Soil moisture content of soil, one of the important physical properties of soil nutrients is only dissolved in water, in order to absorb and use for the trees. Soil moisture content of the water small cycles (such as plant growth, solute transport, soil erosion, etc.) and hydrological cycle in the (eg, regional landscape pattern) has a significant impact. Soil moisture is necessary for plant growth and to participate in a variety of substances in the soil in the transformation process, the normal growth of trees is of great significance. 圖 1： 樟樹(shù)吳茱萸林地各處理土層土壤含水率 Figure 1: camphor Evodia woodland soil moisture content of soil of each treatment 由圖 1 可以看出，樟樹(shù)吳茱萸樣地各處理土壤含水率最大值為 %，表現(xiàn)在 N1P1K1處理土壤的 20~40cm， 同樣 N1P1K1處理的含水量在土壤 0~20cm也表現(xiàn)為最大，上下層土壤的含水量均高于對(duì)照 CK 處理 ，且 含水率隨土層加深而逐漸增大 。這是由于地表水分蒸發(fā)，加上吳茱萸根系在上層分布比較多，土質(zhì) 比較疏松，以及水分通過(guò)土壤空隙滲透作用而造成。 因此， 平衡施肥 有利于吳茱萸林 提高抗旱 、蓄水 能力。 （ 2）土壤總孔隙度 土壤是多孔體，土粒之間、土壤團(tuán)聚體之間以及團(tuán)聚體內(nèi)部均有孔隙存在。土壤孔隙狀況直接影響土壤的通氣透水及根系穿插，是土壤肥力的重要指標(biāo)之一。 樟樹(shù)吳茱萸林地各處理 土壤孔隙度 測(cè)定結(jié)果 如 表 1。 As can be seen from Figure 1, camphor Evodia plots of soil moisture content of each treatment a maximum of %, shown in N1P1K1 dealing with soil 20 ~ 40cm, the same N1P1K1 deal 0 ~ 20cm in the soil water content also showed the largest upper and lower soil moisture were higher than the control CK treatment, and the moisture content gradually increased with the deeper soil. This is due to surface evaporation, coupled with the distribution of Evodia roots are more in the upper, more porous soil, as well as the role of water infiltration through the soil caused by the gap. Therefore, the balanced fertilization is conducive to increased drought Evodia forest, water storage capacity. (2) The total soil porosity Soil is a porous body, between the soil particles, soil aggregates both between and within the porous aggregate exists. A direct impact on the situation of soil pore permeable soil aeration and root interludes, is one of the important indicators of soil fertility. Camphor Evodia woodland soil porosity of each treatment determination results in Table 1. 表 1： 各處理土壤各層總孔隙度變化情況 Table 1: The processing of soil total porosity of each layer changes （單位： %） Soil depth 處 理 Categories N1P1K0 N1P1K1 N1P1K2 N1P2K1 N1P2K2 N1P0K1 CK 0cm20cm 20cm40cm 由 表 1 看出 ，樟樹(shù)吳茱萸林地 土壤 孔隙度 最大值為 58%，表現(xiàn)在土壤 0~20cm的 N1P1K1 處理 中，整體平均值為 %，上層土壤孔隙度普遍高于下層土壤空隙度，各個(gè)施肥處理的土壤孔隙度均高于對(duì)照 CK 處理。由此可以得出樟樹(shù)吳茱萸樣地土壤符合正常土壤孔隙度范圍，沒(méi)有存在板結(jié)現(xiàn)象，且合理施肥對(duì)土壤 孔隙 的調(diào)節(jié)有明顯作用，另外由于吳茱萸根系主要分布在上層土壤，根際微生物活動(dòng)旺盛，致使上層土壤比較疏松，通氣性較好， 孔隙度 比較大，利于吳茱萸的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育，下層 孔隙度 相對(duì)比較小利于吳茱萸林地蓄水、保水。由此 可見(jiàn) 吳茱萸 根系 集中分布的土壤上層保水通氣能力明顯高于根系分布較少的土壤下層 ，同時(shí)在平衡施肥的條件下，吳茱萸林地土壤的孔隙度要大，土質(zhì)比較疏松。 Be seen from Table 1, camphor forest soil porosity Evodia a maximum of 58%, performance in the soil 0 ~ 20cm of N1P1K1 treatment, the overall average of %, the upper soil porosity is generally higher than the lower soil porosity, various fertilizer treated soil porosity CK were higher than the control treatment. It can be derived camphor Evodia soil sample in line with normal range of soil porosity, paction phenomenon does not exist, and reasonable regulation of fertilization on soil porosity plays a significant role, and since Evodia root mainly in the upper soil and rhizosphere microbial activity vigorous, resulted in relatively loose upper soil, good aeration, porosity and relatively large, which will help Evodia the growth and development, the lower the porosity is relatively small benefit Evodia forest water storage and water retention. This shows that Evodia Root concentrated ventilation in the soil water retention capacity of the upper root distribution was significantly higher than the lower soil less, while under conditions of balanced fertilization, forest soil porosity Evodia larger, more porous soil. （ 3）土壤容重 土壤容重是衡量土壤供肥、保肥能力的重要物理指標(biāo)。土壤容重關(guān)系著土壤水、氣、熱的流通和儲(chǔ)存，以及對(duì)林木的供應(yīng)是否充分和協(xié)調(diào)，同時(shí)對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分也有多方面的影響。土壤容重的大小取決于土壤機(jī)械組成、結(jié)構(gòu)以及有機(jī)質(zhì)的含量和性狀等因素。 樟樹(shù)吳茱萸林地各處理 土壤容重 測(cè)定結(jié)果 如 表 2。 (3) Soil bulk density Soil bulk density is a measure of the soil for fertilizer, fertilizer ability to protect important physical indicator. The relationship between soil bulk density with soil water, gas, heat flow and storage, as well as the adequacy of the supply of trees and coordination, while soil nutrients also have a multiplier effect. Soil bulk density depends on soil mechanical position, structure and anic matter content and the characters and so on. Camphor Evodia woodland soil bulk density determination results of each treatment, such as Table 2. 表 2 ： 各處理土壤各層容重變化情況 Table 2: layers of different treatments of soil bulk density changes in （單位 Units： ） Soil depth 處 理 Categories N1P1K0 N1P1K1 N1P1K2 N1P2K1 N1P2K2 N1P0K1 CK 0cm20cm 20cm40cm 由表 2 知，樟樹(shù)吳茱萸林地上層土壤比較疏松，這可能是由于吳茱萸根系主要集中在上層土壤所致，各個(gè)處理土壤容重平均值為 ，符合正常土壤容重范圍，各個(gè)施肥處理中 N1P1K1 處理 土壤 上下層均表現(xiàn)最低，值分別為0~20cm 是 20~40cm 是 ，且各個(gè)施肥處理土壤容重均不同程度低于對(duì)照 CK 處理。由此可以 說(shuō)明 平衡 施肥對(duì) 吳茱萸林地 土壤具有改良作用 ，利于吳茱萸生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育均衡吸收養(yǎng)分。 From Table 2 is understood that the upper forest camphor Evodia relatively loose soil, which may be due to Evodia root mainly concentrated in the upper soil caused by soil bulk density average of the various treatment , in line with the normal range of soil bulk density, all fertilization treatments N1P1K1 treatment in both upper and lower layers of soil show the lowest values were 0 ~ 20cm is , and 20 ~ 40cm is , and the various fertilization treatments were different levels of soil bulk density lower than control CK treatment. So, it could of balanced fertilization on forest soil has improved Evodia role, which will help growth