【正文】 he munity has been widespread concern in recent years as the national implementation of iso9000 quality system certification, the overall level of quality has been enhanced, for people to live the improvement of the environment and social progress has made tremendous contributions, but in housing construction, the leakage is more mon quality problems, it has seriously affected the normal use and to property management and maintenance caused great difficulties for users of the lives of great inconvenience. Resulting in leakage due to a design aspects, such as roofing work, some do not attach importance to the drainage design, poor drainage of the factors did not fully consider, resulting in some partial roof longterm water erosion and accelerate the aging of the waterproof material, reducing the waterresistant durability. Again failed to identify waterproof roofing grading standards, determine the maximum security floors and each floor structure and thickness requirements, and choose the type of material, detail nodes, such as the structural design, construction areas, and if roofing projects, some nodes detail and the leveling of poor quality, inadequate waterproofing layer thickness, the protective layer of impropriety, and so is the user of any indoor, change the use of performance, if not waterproof performance in the floor surface drainage, and other established ditch. This paper will be the site of housing projects leakage and the reasons for analysis and rational control measures. Keywords ： housing project。 leakage。 prevention measures 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................ II 第一章 房屋工程滲漏問題概述 .......................................... 1 第二章 地下室滲漏種類及防治對策 ...................................... 2 墻根與底板交界處漏水 .......................................... 2 蜂窩、麻面、溝洞未處理或處理不徹底導致滲漏 ..................... 2 鋼筋保護層厚度不夠造成滲漏 .................................... 2 支模鋼筋造成底板滲漏水 ........................................ 3 穿墻支模螺栓處理方法不當造成漏水 ............................... 3 混凝土中有雜物造成滲漏 ........................................ 3 沉降縫止水帶偏位造成漏水 ...................................... 3 第三章 屋面滲漏原因與防治 ............................................ 5 鋼 筋砼現(xiàn)澆板、保溫層上做剛性防水的屋面滲漏 ..................... 5 現(xiàn)澆板滲漏原因及防治方法 ................................. 5 剛性屋面開裂滲漏的原因及防治文法 ......................... 5 雨水管口滲漏的原因及防治 ................................. 5 拒水粉防水層的屋面滲漏 ........................................ 6 鋼筋砼斜層面、波形瓦對縫貼的屋面滲漏 ........................... 6 卷材屋 面的滲漏 ................................................ 7 平改坡鐵皮屋面的滲漏 .......................................... 8 第四章 墻體滲漏原因及防治 ............................................ 9 外墻滲漏原因分析 .............................................. 9 材料原因 ................................................ 9 設(shè)計原因 ................................................ 9 施工原因 ............................................... 10 門窗洞口周圍滲漏 ....................................... 10 外墻裝修引起的滲漏 ..................................... 11 外墻滲漏的防治措施 ........................................... 11 選用合格的砌筑材料 ..................................... 11 靈活設(shè)計方案 ........................................... 12 把好墻體砌筑質(zhì)量關(guān) ..................................... 12 門窗應(yīng)安裝牢固， 周邊不留縫隙 ............................ 12 做好外墻裝修前的基層處理 ................................ 13 第五章 樓板滲漏原因及防治 ........................................... 14 廚房和衛(wèi)生間地面滲漏產(chǎn)生的原因 ................................ 14 管道預留洞位置不符合規(guī)范 ................................ 14 管道堵洞不嚴密 ......................................... 14 灌水試驗不嚴格 ......................................... 14 防水質(zhì)量不達標 ......................................... 15 管道與板間變形產(chǎn)生裂縫 ................................. 15 廚房和生間地面滲漏的的預防措施 ................................ 15 衛(wèi)生間樓板降低 ......................................... 15 改進衛(wèi)生間給水和排水管線安裝布管方式 .................... 16 提高堵洞質(zhì)量 ........................................... 16 合理布置地漏位置且嚴格地漏標高 .......................... 17 嚴把衛(wèi)生間地面每道工序的施工質(zhì)量 ........................ 17 立管集中于管道井 ....................................... 17 第六章 建筑防水工程施工質(zhì)量控制 ..................................... 19 .................................. 19 ................................................. 19 .......................... 19 ............................ 20 .................... 21 ................................ 23 .................................... 23 .............................................. 24 .................... 24 ........................................ 25 ..................................................... 29 第七章 結(jié)論 ......................................................... 30 參考文獻 ............................................................. 31 1 第一章 房屋工程滲漏問題概述 近幾年來隨著國家推行 IS0900 質(zhì)量體系認證以來，工程質(zhì)量總體水平有了較大的提高，為人們生活居住環(huán)境的改善和社會進步做出了巨大貢獻，但在房屋建筑工程中，滲漏是比較常見的質(zhì)量問題，嚴重地影響了正常的使用，并給物業(yè)管理和維修造成極大的困難，給用戶的生活帶來很大的不便。造成滲漏 的部位主要有地下室、屋面、墻體及樓板。其產(chǎn)生的主要原因有；設(shè)計方面的，比如屋面防水工程，有的不重視排水設(shè)計，對排水不暢的因素未充分考慮，致使屋面有的局部長期有水浸蝕，加速了防水材料的老化和霉爛，降低了防水的耐久性。再有未能按屋面防水等級確定防水標準，確定設(shè)防層數(shù)及每層構(gòu)造厚度與要求、材料的種類與選擇、細部節(jié)點的構(gòu)造設(shè)計等；施工方面的，又如屋面防水工程，有的節(jié)點細部與找平層質(zhì)量差，防水層厚度不夠，保護層處理不當?shù)?；是用戶任意進行室內(nèi)改造，改變使用性能，如有的在無防水性能的樓面上設(shè)暗溝排水等。 隨著我國改革開放 的不斷深化，國民經(jīng)濟持續(xù)