漢語(yǔ)言文學(xué)專業(yè)外文翻譯--好狐貍壞狐貍-歷史專業(yè)-文庫(kù)吧
2025-04-16 22:53 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 瓦解。猖獗的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使人民失去了生計(jì)，使君主統(tǒng)治混亂不堪。在《封神榜》中，紂王的妃子妲己，被描述成商朝滅亡的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住? 妲己是一只狐貍精，她變成美貌女子的形象被送進(jìn)宮迷惑紂王，推翻商王朝。她的酬勞是長(zhǎng)生不老。 紂王對(duì)國(guó)家大事非常不在意，把一切事務(wù)都交給他的叔叔，丞相比干。比干發(fā)現(xiàn)了妲己的真面目，力勸紂王除掉她，但是毫無(wú)用處。不但如此，紂王還對(duì)他叔叔的魯莽行為非常憤怒，下令驅(qū)逐比干。妲己意識(shí)到了比干對(duì)她的威脅，就制定了一個(gè)計(jì)劃殺死這個(gè)敵人。她假裝生病，和另一個(gè)妖精用美 人計(jì)迷惑紂王，告訴他除非妲己吃比干的心，不然她就會(huì)死。比干因此被殺害了，但是，妲己的邪惡超出了她的敵人的預(yù)料，她沉迷于對(duì)未出生嬰兒的喜愛，甚至鼓勵(lì)紂王過(guò)沉迷于酒色的糜爛生活。所有這些都加速了商朝的滅亡。 4 妲己最終被抓獲并被判以死刑，但是所有被派去執(zhí)行命令的劊子手都被她的妖媚迷惑而無(wú)法執(zhí)行命令。經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)熟練的劊子手都未能履行職責(zé)后，一個(gè)有法力的將軍親自動(dòng)手結(jié)束了妲己的生命。 這部小說(shuō)有一個(gè)主要原因就是解釋為什么女性的魅力往往被等同于邪惡的狐貍精，為什么叫一個(gè)女人狐貍精通常會(huì)被當(dāng)做是一種侮辱。 盡管有著種種 的負(fù)面狐貍形象，然而狐皮卻一直被廣泛的贊美著。最早的書面參考在 2020 年前的《詩(shī)經(jīng)》中。它寫道：“用狐皮做成皮毛大衣，獻(xiàn)給我們年輕的王子?！?狐皮 大衣 被視為唯一適合貴族服飾 。 古代的中國(guó)人想盡一切辦法盡可能地去捕獲狐貍的皮膚，但由于狐貍是一種警惕性非常高且非常狡猾的動(dòng)物，狩獵通常只是成功地讓它提高警惕。人類從來(lái)沒有成功地馴化或飼養(yǎng)過(guò)狐貍，它是少數(shù)動(dòng)物中有足夠的智力能瞞騙過(guò)人類的一種。 它可能是怨恨和欽佩的混合體，引起中國(guó)文學(xué)界將其作為善惡交替的生物來(lái)描寫。山海經(jīng)、地理編輯超過(guò) 2020 年的神話百科全書將狐貍描述 成具有九個(gè)尾巴，專門吃人的妖怪。 說(shuō)文解字（解釋和研究字符組成的原則），中國(guó) 歷史上 第一部字典， 創(chuàng)作于 100 年到 121 年的 東漢時(shí)期， 將狐貍定義為“ 一個(gè)迷人的動(dòng)物被魔鬼纏身 ”。 5 原文： Good fox, Bad fox Hou Jiaying. China Today, Oct2020, Vol. 56 Issue 10, p6266 Foxes have been popular characters in Chinese fables for two millennia. They first featured in their original animal form before gradually taking on the persona of spirits, both benevolent and malevolent, in the guise of bewitchingly beautiful, charming young women. Famous Ming Dynasty (13681644) writer Pu Songling’s stories about fox spirits in his wellknown Strange Tales from Makedo Studio characterize them as beautiful creatures that embody the nest human virtues of fidelity, love, generosity, justice, and willingness to help others. Over the past three centuries, readers of Pu Songling’s work have e to refer to these characters as “fox angels” rather than “fox spirits.” Ma Ruifang, Chinese scholar and expert on the Strange Tales from Makedo Studio, once acted as host to a visiting American professor from Chicago University. When the two spoke of Pu Songling’s works the professor expressed his amazement at how this 17thcentury Chinese writer from feudal, isolated, imperial China could have dreamt up the story Hengniang, one of the 500 Strange Tales’ most famous foxy stories. Its implicit advice to wives that they should employ feminine wiles to ensure their spouses’ passion strongly resembled the counsel dispensed on the lonely hearts pages of American newspapers and magazines of the 1980s. Women of the Dream World Hengniang’s plot is the classic husband, wife and mistress love triangle. Hengniang is a benign fox spirit and wife of a mortal. Her neighbor, Hong Daye, has a wife, Zhu, and a concubine. Zhu is more beautiful, and only a few years older than the concubine but, to Zhu’s consternation, Hong Daye favors his concubine over her. Hengniang’s husband also has a concubine, one appreciably younger and more beautiful than Hengniang, but he nevertheless loves his wife the more by far. When Zhu asks Hengniang why this should be Hengniang tells her that it is human nature to abandon the old for the new and to yearn for the elusive. At Hengniang’s suggestion, Zhu adopts a magnanimous attitude towards her husband and his concubine for a whole month, making it easy for them freely to spend day and night together. Hengniang also advises Zhu to improve her looks. During the monthlong experiment, Zhu
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