【正文】
________[sins] people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(開(kāi)采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may ________beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (棲息地) of many plants and animals.【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介紹了沙子這種常見(jiàn)的景觀。 (1)句意:然而,聯(lián)合國(guó)說(shuō),沙子并不是無(wú)限的,我們有可能會(huì)用完它們。run out of“用完,用盡”的意思。這里用it來(lái)指代上文的沙子(sand是不可數(shù)名詞)。故答案為:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的巖石、土壤和礦物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)rock, soil and minerals(礦物質(zhì))可知,這是幾種成分,因此piece用復(fù)數(shù)pieces。故答案為:pieces。 (3)句意:但現(xiàn)在我們使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根據(jù)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞quick的副詞形式quickly修飾動(dòng)詞use“使用”。故答案為:quickly。 (4)句意:據(jù)英國(guó)廣播公司報(bào)道,我們每年用大約150億噸沙子建造房屋、道路和其他東西。根據(jù)固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式to do做目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為:to。 (5)句意:人們還把沙子放進(jìn)海里,制造新的島嶼。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo)[si:]提示可知,填:sea。故答案為:sea。 (6)句意:例如,棕櫚島由阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)迪拜的三個(gè)大型人工島嶼組成的。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo)[lɑ?d?]提示可知,填:large,three large manmade islands三個(gè)大型的人工島嶼。故答案為:large。 (7)句意:2010年,他們用9400萬(wàn)立方米的沙子建造。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In 2010可知,本題的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。動(dòng)詞take的過(guò)去式為took。故答案為:took。 (8)句意:如果人們繼續(xù)使用這么多沙子,它會(huì)在很多地方用完。根據(jù)固定搭配keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事,可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞use的動(dòng)名詞為using。故答案為:using。 (9)句意:由于人們需要這么多沙子,他們正試圖開(kāi)采更多的沙子。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo) [sins] 提示可知,填:since,表自……以來(lái)、因?yàn)椤⒂捎?。句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故答案為:Since。 (10)句意:開(kāi)采沙可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會(huì)發(fā)生更多的洪水。根據(jù)beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會(huì)發(fā)生更多的洪水,可知這些是開(kāi)采沙所導(dǎo)致的后果,因此填:cause。may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故答案為:cause。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空,注意根據(jù)單詞在語(yǔ)境中的詞性進(jìn)行必要的變形,同時(shí)熟記固定搭配和基本句型。4.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式(每空最多不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)。 Thomas Edison was a great American ________ (invent).When he was________child, he was always asking questions and trying out new ideas. No matter________ hard it was, he never gave up. Young Tom was in school for only three ________ (month). His teacher didn39。t understand why he had so many strange questions. Most of ________(they) were not about his lessons. The teacher didn39。t want to teach Tom any more. He asked Tom39。s mother to take the boy home. Tom39。s mother taught him ________ (read) and write, and she found him a very good student. He learnt very fast and became very ________(interest) in science. One day, he saw a little boy ________(play) on the railway tracks (鐵軌) at a station. A train was ing near quickly, and the boy was too frightened (恐懼) to move. Edison rushed out and took him away ________ (safe). The boy39。s father was so thankful that he taught Edison to send messages ________telegraph (電報(bào)).【答案】 inventor;a;how;months;them;to read;interested;playing;safely;by 【解析】【分析】這篇短文簡(jiǎn)要介紹了著名發(fā)明家愛(ài)迪生的生平,他因?yàn)榘l(fā)明了電燈,從而改變了人們的生活。并且短文詳細(xì)描述了愛(ài)迪生的人格特點(diǎn)。 (1)句意:托馬斯愛(ài)迪生是一位偉大的美國(guó)發(fā)明家。根據(jù) a great American是形容詞,故前后是名詞單數(shù),invent是動(dòng)詞,名詞是inventor。故填inventor。 (2)句意:當(dāng)他還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候,他總是問(wèn)問(wèn)題。child是以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單數(shù)名詞,故用不定冠詞a表示泛指。故填a。 (3)句意:無(wú)論多么困難,他都不會(huì)放棄。hard是副詞,根據(jù)語(yǔ)序it was可知,no matter how表示無(wú)論如何的意思,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故填how。 (4)句意:小湯姆只上了三個(gè)月的學(xué)?;鶖?shù)詞three后用復(fù)試形式months。故填months。 (5)句意:他問(wèn)的問(wèn)題大部分都與他的功課無(wú)關(guān)。of是介詞,其后應(yīng)該要用賓格形式,they的賓格是them。故填them。 (6)句意:湯姆的母親教他讀寫(xiě)。taught是teach的過(guò)去式,教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.,故填to read。 (7)句意:她媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)很好的學(xué)生。他學(xué)得很快,對(duì)科學(xué)很感興趣。對(duì)什么感興趣be interested in 。故填interested。 (8)句意:一天,他看到一個(gè)小男孩在火車站的鐵軌上玩耍。saw是see的過(guò)去式,看到某人在做某事應(yīng)為see sb. doing sth.,故填playing。 (9)句意:一列火車很快就要開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)了,男孩嚇得不敢動(dòng)。愛(ài)迪生沖過(guò)去把他帶到了安全的地方。took是take的過(guò)去式,take是動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用副詞來(lái)修飾,safe是形容詞,副詞是safety。故填safely。 (10)句意:這個(gè)男孩的父親非常感激愛(ài)迪生,教他用電報(bào)發(fā)送消息。by通過(guò)某種方法、手段。表示傳達(dá)、傳遞的方式或媒介。故填by。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力,注意名詞復(fù)數(shù),詞性,介詞,和see sb. doing sth的固定搭配等多種用法。5.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。 How are American families different from Chinese ones? In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are ________ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just ________ Chinese families do. The ________(different) e from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are ________(allow) to make many decisions ________ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen. In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own ________(choose) at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face ________(big) decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the ________(finally) decision. Americans seldom move back into family homes ________ they get older. ________, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture. 【答案】 the;as;differences;allowed;on;choices;the biggest;final;when;Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介紹了美國(guó)家庭和中國(guó)家庭的不同。 (1)句意: 在某些方面,美國(guó)家庭與中國(guó)家庭非常不同,而在其他方面,他們是一樣的。be the same,固定搭配,相同,故填the。 (2)句意: 他們互相支持和愛(ài),就像中國(guó)家庭一樣。just as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,像……一樣,故填as。 (3)句意:然而又有文化的不同。the定冠詞后是名詞,根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形e,可知主語(yǔ)是名詞復(fù)數(shù),different是形容詞,difference是名詞,故填differences。 (4)句意: 許多中國(guó)學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),美國(guó)青少年允許自己做很多決定,父母希望他們的孩子在18歲離開(kāi)家。be allowed to do,固定搭配,允許做某事,故填allowed。 (5)句意:許多中國(guó)學(xué)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),美國(guó)青少年允許自己做很多決定,父母希望他們的孩子在18歲離開(kāi)家。make decisions on sth,固定搭配,做關(guān)于……的決定,故填on。 (6)句意: 在大多數(shù)美國(guó)家庭中,孩子們被鼓勵(lì)在年幼時(shí)做出自己的選擇。their形容詞性物主代詞后是名詞,此處表示泛指用名詞復(fù)數(shù),choose是動(dòng)詞,choice是名詞,故填choices。 (7)句意:那是他們面臨人生最大的決定:下一步該做什么。根據(jù) of their lives 可知是最高級(jí)的比較范圍,big是形容詞,最高級(jí)前要有the定冠詞,故填the biggest。 (8)句意: 父母和家人會(huì)幫助他們做出選擇,但是孩子自己會(huì)做出最后的決定。 decision是名詞其前是形容詞,finally是副詞,final是形容詞,故填final。 (9)句意: 美國(guó)人很少在他們長(zhǎng)大后搬回家里。根據(jù) move back into family homes 和they get older 可知此處是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,故表示當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,故是連詞when,故填when。 (10)句意: 相反他們更喜歡盡可能長(zhǎng)久地?fù)碛凶约旱纳?。此處是副詞位于句首, move back into family homes 搬回家和prefer to have their own lives 擁有自己的生活,表示相反的兩種結(jié)果,故填I(lǐng)nstead。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空,注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,詞性,連詞搭配等多種用法6.閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境、音標(biāo)或所給單詞的提示,在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確,使短文意思完整、行文連貫。 When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher ________(decide) to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the ________[39。kl