【正文】 as humanity’s deepest link with nature and the cosmos. Immediately after his break with Miriam, he made a pass at Clara, and kissed her a week later. He was anxious to see her again once they departed. Mrs. Morel, who showed different from previous attitude towards Miriam, got along with Clara fairly well. She was fearlessness, sensuality, and intelligence. At the same time, she lacked Miriam’s spirituality and sensitivity. Their subsequent love affair gave them both a new, expansive sense of life. With Clara, Paul found the sensual fulfillment he couldn’t have with either Miriam or his mother. Paul awakened Clara’s sexuality, Paul and Clara shared a passionate, sexual relationship. As much as Paul thought that he was happy, his mother believed otherwise, she knew in her heart that Clara would tire her son out. 新疆大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 7 However, as Mrs. Morel’s own body decayed in old age, she returned to her jealous ways when she said Paul’s attraction to Clara would not last. In the novel, Clara was a role appearing as Paul’s sexual panion. Though for this time Mrs. Morel no longer prevented his son from getting in touch with Clara, and Clara later sexually satisfied Paul, his thought of marrying Clara was resisted because Clara felt that Paul’s spirit was full of love for his mother. Spiritually, Clara was faithful to her husband, while she had sex relationship with Paul. Mrs. Morel’s influence on Paul caused the conflicts. Paul failed once again in his searching for a love balance between mother and lover. Oedipus Complex in Sons and Lovers Development of Oedipus Complex in Sons and Lovers Oedipus Complex is seen throughout the book. The source of Oedipus plex es from Mr. and Mrs. Morel’s failed marriage. Mrs. Morel, one of the novel’s main characters, is strongwilled, intelligent, ambitious woman, trapped in an unsuitable marriage. Her marriage to Morel seems to have been one of life’s accidents. Just like Lawrence himself writes, ―Sometimes life takes hold of one, carries the body along, acplishes one’s history, and yet is not real, but leaves oneself as if it were slurred over.‖(Bergson, 。 21)In the novel, their marriage life is very frustrated which is full of conflicts. The couple cannot municate with each other and that is why Mr. Morel is eventually isolated from the family. In order to look for hopes, Mrs. Morel transfers her love from her husband to her son, William. In such condition, Mrs. Morel’s emotions, however, are slowly, relentlessly shifting from her husband to her children. William is her favorite. When he is 13, his mother gets him a job as a clerk. He is handsome, alert and athletic. During this time, he had begun to go out with girls. He loves dancing and parties and is very popular. Naturally, his mother disapproves. Partly, she is jealously of his girlfriends, but even 新疆大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 8 more strongly. She is afraid of her son’s going the same way as his father. When William was 20, he got a place in London, at a hundred and twenty years. Before the departure, Mrs. Morel didn’t know whether to rejoice or to grieve. It never occurred to him that she might be more hurt at his going away than that of his success. Indeed, as the days drew near for his departure, her heart began to grow dreary with despair. She loved him much. She liked to do things for him. Oedipus Complex growing between Mrs. Morel and her son. But William’s death leaves her empty. So she redirects her energies toward Paul. When Mrs. Morel finds that Paul has been with Miriam very closely, she is afraid of losing her son. She wants to take all her sons emotions. When she gets to know that Paul often dates with Miriam, she can not even control her envious feelings. Mrs. Morel makes Paul as her substitute husband to get fort and fulfillment which she can not find in her own marriage. The mother’s abnormal love and the father’s abnormal role in family are supposed to be responsible for Paul’s Oedipus plex. Paul doesn’t feel free to fall in love with women because of his Oedipus Complex. His mother regard Paul as a lover, In the novel, Mrs. Morel said, ―I’ve never you know, Paul I’ve never had a husband not really‖ (。91)He stroked his mother’s hair, and his mouth was her throat. Not only does she invite Paul to occupy the place of her husband, but also she accuses Miriam of the same possessive love, with which she smothers this point in the novel, his presence of an Oedipus Complex in Paul is so patent that one can hardly consider it as submerged theme. When Mrs. Morel died, for Paul, his mother’s death on the one hand releases him and on the other hand banishes him to a deathlike state. ―The real agony was that, he had no where to go, nothing to do, and nothing to say, and was nothing.‖(Woolf, 。30)Yet towards the novel’s end, in one of Lawrence’s most moving passages, Paul looks up at the night shy and experiences something different, ―On every side the immense dark silence seemed pressing him, so tiny a peck, into extinction, and yet, almost nothing, he could not be extinct. Night, in which everything was lost, went reaching out, beyond stars and sun, a few bright grains, went spinning round for terror and holding each other in embrace, there in a darkness that out passed them all and left them tiny and daunted. So much, and himself, infinitesimal, at the core a 新疆大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)） 9 nothingness, and yet not nothing.‖(Malcolm 。 132) Causes of Paul’s Oedipus Complex Paul is the protagonist Sons and Lovers which is taken from Lawrence’s own early life in the midland coalmining village of Eastwood. In the novel, after his elder brother William’s death, his family went into a miserable condition. His father earned only 26 pound that can not pay the family expenditure. Due to the unfortunate family, Paul assumed the