【正文】 eatened before. During World War Two, German troops surrounded Saint Petersburg, then called Leningrad. Scientists protected the seeds and plants even as people starved.該試驗(yàn)站之前也受到過(guò)威脅。二戰(zhàn)期間，德國(guó)軍隊(duì)包圍了圣彼得堡，當(dāng)時(shí)叫列寧格勒。即使在有人餓死的情況下，科學(xué)家們也保護(hù)著物種。The Pavlovsk Experimental Station is one of an estimated one thousand four hundred seed and plant preservation centers worldwide.全世界大約有1400多個(gè)物種保護(hù)中心，巴甫洛夫斯克試驗(yàn)站是其中的一個(gè)。Some have been damaged or destroyed by war, natural disasters and theft. In two thousand eight Norway opened a socalled doomsday vault designed to be secure from any threat even an asteroid strike.有一些已經(jīng)被戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，自然災(zāi)害和盜賊損壞或摧毀。2008年挪威所謂的“世界末日種子庫(kù)”開(kāi)放，該種子庫(kù)可以抵御任何威脅，甚至小行星撞擊。The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is in the side of a mountain. The huge, icy space holds extra copies of seeds from other seed banks. In February, it received its halfmillionth seed variety to keep safe斯瓦爾巴德全球種子庫(kù)（Svalbard Global Seed Vault）處在山里。這個(gè)巨大冰封的空間保存著來(lái)自其他種子銀行的種子備份。2月份，該種子庫(kù)收集到了第50萬(wàn)種種子。imported foods與obesity為同一篇The World Health Organization says obesity rates are rising in Pacific island countries. So, too, are health problems linked to being overweight.世界衛(wèi)生組織（World Health Organization）稱(chēng)，肥胖率在太平洋島嶼國(guó)家正呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì)。因此，健康問(wèn)題也是由體重超標(biāo)引起的。The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed foods.世界衛(wèi)生組織說(shuō)，導(dǎo)致肥胖率上升的主要原因是進(jìn)口食品的增加。許多太平洋島民已經(jīng)用進(jìn)口的加工食品取代了他們傳統(tǒng)飲食中的蔬菜和水果。 Dr. Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization39。s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji. He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value. But they are widely available, he says, and often cost less than healthier foods.Dr. Temu Waqanivalu是世界衛(wèi)生組織南太平洋辦公室的工作人員，該辦公室位于斐濟(jì)蘇瓦（Suva，F(xiàn)iji）。他說(shuō)，許多進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品缺乏營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值，但是隨處可見(jiàn)，而且比健康食品便宜。 TEMU WAQANIVALU: In some of the places, you39。d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of offenvironment we39。ve created that doesn39。t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population.Temu Waqanivalu：“在一些地方，你會(huì)驚奇地看到一瓶可樂(lè)比一瓶水更便宜。我認(rèn)為這代表著我們?cè)斐傻囊环N非正常環(huán)境，這種環(huán)境無(wú)法使我們?nèi)祟?lèi)的生活方式更美好。Dr. Waqanivalu says the increase in imported foods is only part of the problem. He says problems with agriculture production limit the availability of healthier foods. And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.Dr. Waqanivalu說(shuō)進(jìn)口食品的增加只是部分原因。此外，農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)問(wèn)題限制了健康食品的供應(yīng)，而太平洋島民缺乏身體鍛煉也加重了肥胖問(wèn)題。The WHO says more than fifty percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island countries. The rate is as high as eighty percent among women in the territory of American Samoa. Fiji had the lowest obesity rate at thirty percent.世界衛(wèi)生組織稱(chēng)至少有10個(gè)太平洋島嶼國(guó)家中50%以上的人口體重超標(biāo)。美屬殖民地薩摩亞群島（American Samoa）的婦女肥胖率是80%。斐濟(jì)的肥胖率最低，僅為30%。In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about forty percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.總之，太平洋島國(guó)有將近一千萬(wàn)人口。世界衛(wèi)生組織預(yù)計(jì)大約有40%的人存在與飲食和營(yíng)養(yǎng)相關(guān)的健康失調(diào)問(wèn)題。Diabetes rates are among the highest in the world. Fortyseven percent of the people in American Samoa have diabetes. So do fortyfour percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.糖尿病患病率躋身于世界前列。47%的美屬薩摩亞人患有糖尿病。新西蘭殖民地托克勞（Tokelau）是44%。By parison, the diabetes rate is thirteen percent in the United States, a country that has its own problems with rising obesity.相比而言，美國(guó)也有由肥胖引起的其他問(wèn)題，但是糖尿病患病率是30%。Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on limited health resources and budgets.官員們還注意到太平洋島民貧血和飲食中缺少維生素A等營(yíng)養(yǎng)問(wèn)題也在上升。Dr. Waqanivalu說(shuō)肥胖和飲食的治療狀況給有限的醫(yī)療資源和預(yù)算帶來(lái)了壓力。Earlier this year, leaders of island nations met in Vanuatu for the firstever Pacific Food Summit. Dr. Waqanivalu says the issues are finally getting the attention they deserve.今年早些時(shí)候，島嶼國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在瓦努阿圖（Vanuatu）召開(kāi)的首屆太平洋食品峰會(huì)上會(huì)晤。 Dr. Waqanivalu表示，問(wèn)題終于得到了應(yīng)有的重視。NO tobacco dayThis is the VOA Special English Development Report.這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)發(fā)展報(bào)告。World No Tobacco Day is celebrated each thirtyfirst of May. The observance is meant to bring attention to the growing use of tobacco and its deadly effects. The World Health Assembly established the event in nineteen eightyseven. This year, special attention is being given to the harmful effects of tobacco marketing to women and girls.世界無(wú)煙日活動(dòng)在每年的5月31日舉行，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目的是引起人們對(duì)吸煙增長(zhǎng)及其致命影響的注意。1987年世界衛(wèi)生大會(huì)設(shè)立了世界無(wú)煙日，今年的無(wú)煙日主題將著重關(guān)注針對(duì)女性的煙草營(yíng)銷(xiāo)的不利影響。The World Health Organization says tobacco kills nearly five and a half million people a year another victim every six seconds. Tobacco use is a top cause of death worldwide.世界衛(wèi)生組織稱(chēng)，煙草每年導(dǎo)致近550萬(wàn)人死亡 大約每6秒有一人死亡。吸煙是全球最主要的死因。One billion people smoke. More than eighty percent of tobacco users live in low and middle ine countries. 全球有10億煙民，其中80%生活在中、低收入國(guó)家。The . says the tobacco industry has increasingly directed its marketing campaigns at women and girls. Women currently represent about twenty percent of smokers. But tobacco use among girls is increasing.世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，煙草行業(yè)直接面向女性的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)日益增加。目前，女性煙民大約占到煙民總數(shù)的20%。且女性煙民數(shù)量正在增長(zhǎng)。Data collected from one hundred fiftyone countries show that about seven percent of young girls now smoke. That pares with twelve percent of boys. In some countries, however, the rates are almost equal.來(lái)自151個(gè)國(guó)家的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，年輕女性吸煙率大約為7%，相比之下，年輕男性吸煙率是12%。然而在一些國(guó)家，這個(gè)比率幾乎相等。Almost one hundred seventy countries have signed a treaty called the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The . is calling on those governments to ban tobacco advertising to the fullest extent possible and to do more to protect women.近170個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)簽署了《煙草控制框架公約》。世界衛(wèi)生組織呼吁這些國(guó)家盡可能最大范圍的禁止煙草廣告，并采取更多措施保護(hù)女性。The agreement seeks to reduce the demand and supply of tobacco products. This year marks the fifth anniversary since the treaty went into effect.《煙草控制框架公約》旨在減少香煙