【正文】
長(zhǎng)度(); 計(jì)算荷載(); 材料彈性模量(); 慣性矩()。 通常板梁的許用撓度不大于。已知圓型沉淀池的池徑為30,池深為3。 總載荷W的計(jì)算 1)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)重力 (1)板梁計(jì)算由前面已知本板梁由角型碳鋼制成,查表知碳鋼密度為,板梁長(zhǎng)度 L=18000mm=18m板梁高度 h=L/15=1200mm= C=L/4=4500mm===540mm=單側(cè)板梁用材總長(zhǎng): =18+++ +()+ =65m1/2 = =(2)水平桁架計(jì)算通常桁架h與跨距L之比為1/12~1/10已知池長(zhǎng)30m,如圖26所示,其中桁架內(nèi)的斜桿長(zhǎng)度L1=單側(cè)桁架用材總長(zhǎng)L=18++=V=Lm= = =mg= vg= =(3)走道重量的計(jì)算走道長(zhǎng)度18m,厚度8mm=故=1/2 ++=++=2)設(shè)備重力 (1)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)取驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)總重量為50kg故驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)總重力為490N(2)刮泥板重力刮泥阻力計(jì)算公式: 式(36) 式中 ——刮泥機(jī)每轉(zhuǎn)一周的時(shí)間內(nèi)所沉淀的污泥量() ——污泥與池底的摩擦系數(shù) g——重力加速度m/,g=的計(jì)算公式:=(100進(jìn)水懸浮物濃度去除率污水流量)/〔1000(100污泥含水量)沉淀污泥密度〕 式(37)其中 污泥密度 污泥含水量 95%~97% 去除率 40%~60% 污泥濃度 4000mg/L 流量=容積/時(shí)間=/43/2===3) 活載 (一般取1500N/m)=1500梁長(zhǎng)==21600N4) 由刮板上泥水阻力對(duì)主梁所產(chǎn)生的力矩而轉(zhuǎn)化成主梁上的荷載,其值等同于故=++21600+21600 =65215N ——許用應(yīng)力,一般取120。 主梁由兩榀板式梁構(gòu)成,跨度為18m,每榀板式梁承受載荷W=5592N,計(jì)算時(shí)按均布荷載考慮。綜上所得=65215N單位長(zhǎng)度上的重力為最大彎矩為其中K——載荷系數(shù),一般取1~最大剪力為如圖33所示,各組合斷面的特性為∟95568為 8為 -8300為 ,∟95568為 其中I為慣性矩,A為截面積按平面圖形的幾何性質(zhì),先計(jì)算組合圖形的形心軸位置。 = =再按形心軸的位置確定該組合圖形的慣性矩 斷面系數(shù) 計(jì)算應(yīng)力 由荷載產(chǎn)生的撓度為 =許用撓度為剪應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算為: = = 式中的由于板梁兩端制成傾斜的形狀,側(cè)板的高度由180cm過(guò)渡為54cm,故。通常桁架高度h與跨距L之比為1/12——1/10由于裝配原因,取旋轉(zhuǎn)桁架安裝距離池寬2m,,h=3m,取桁架尾端寬度為800mm。桁架用材總長(zhǎng)度:L=14400+3000+2700+2400+2100+1800+3612+3613+3612+3613+45004+41684+24002+40002+16002+12002+8002=95520mm旋轉(zhuǎn)桁架總重量:=,由于底部垂直方向的刮泥阻力相對(duì)于自重載荷較小,可以忽略,前后兩榀桁架計(jì)算時(shí)只計(jì)算一榀,并將整榀桁架作為一個(gè)平面桁架考慮。1)桁架自重載荷分配: 按4節(jié)點(diǎn)分配: 中間節(jié)點(diǎn) 兩端節(jié)點(diǎn) 2)活載分配:,總活載W==14400N 按4節(jié)點(diǎn)分配: 中間節(jié)點(diǎn) 兩端節(jié)點(diǎn) 結(jié)論 經(jīng)過(guò)三個(gè)多月的努力,通過(guò)在圖書(shū)館、網(wǎng)上查閱有關(guān)資料,了解了刮泥機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu),并且加深了對(duì)刮泥機(jī)運(yùn)行過(guò)程、機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)識(shí),更加熟悉掌握了機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械制圖方面的知識(shí)和能力。在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中,圍繞機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)的要求展開(kāi)的,通過(guò)對(duì)比幾套方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),最后定下了本篇論文的設(shè)計(jì)方案,本設(shè)計(jì)選用半跨式周邊傳動(dòng),其中有水平桁架、旋轉(zhuǎn)桁架、板梁、中心旋轉(zhuǎn)支承、刮臂與刮板、輪子與走道、聯(lián)軸器等結(jié)構(gòu),該方案較好的設(shè)計(jì)出了一套刮泥設(shè)備,該機(jī)械具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、重量輕,節(jié)約運(yùn)行費(fèi)用、維護(hù)管理方便,消耗功率小,工效高,安全性高,傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn),操作方便造價(jià)低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中遇到了不少的問(wèn)題,經(jīng)過(guò)自己的努力和指導(dǎo)老師的細(xì)心指導(dǎo),終于完成了該項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù),并且對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,較為合理的闡述了自己的設(shè)計(jì)思路與創(chuàng)新點(diǎn),自己在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中學(xué)會(huì)了不少的知識(shí),不但溫習(xí)了曾經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)的專(zhuān)業(yè)課知識(shí),而且還學(xué)很多新的機(jī)械方面的知識(shí),對(duì)機(jī)械制圖的能力也有了很大程度的提高 ,最重要的是培養(yǎng)自己一種獨(dú)立思考、獨(dú)立創(chuàng)造的能力。但是由于本人所學(xué)知識(shí)有限,經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足,又是初次研究這種復(fù)雜的設(shè)計(jì),在此過(guò)程中難免在一些錯(cuò)誤和不足之處,懇請(qǐng)各位老師給予批評(píng)指正。致謝 光陰似箭,轉(zhuǎn)眼間大學(xué)四年的生活在匆忙中即將過(guò)去。大學(xué)的四年學(xué)習(xí)生活是豐富多彩的,是將來(lái)一身中美好的一段,在這大學(xué)四年了我一直學(xué)著努力學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),所以專(zhuān)業(yè)課方面有了很大的提高,為即將走上社會(huì)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 在本次設(shè)計(jì)中我掌握了大量機(jī)械方面的理論知識(shí),提高自己的制圖能力。畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)中又將大量的理論知識(shí)運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐,為畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)打下了實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ),使我又強(qiáng)化了專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,收獲頗豐。本論文是在導(dǎo)師藺超文老師的精心的指導(dǎo)和幫助下完成的。所有辛勤培育我的老師們就沒(méi)有我今天所取得的一切成績(jī),在此表示我最誠(chéng)摯的感謝和崇高的敬意!另外在此向各位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、老師及在此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中給予我?guī)椭乃型瑢W(xué)表示衷心的感謝。愿我最敬愛(ài)的老師們工作順利,身體健康,合家歡樂(lè),萬(wàn)事如意。最后,我要把該論文送給含辛茹苦培養(yǎng)我的父母。您們多年如一日地默默奉獻(xiàn)著,支持著我完成學(xué)業(yè)。謝謝!參考文獻(xiàn)[1]:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1984.[2]:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,1996.[3]:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1999.[4]:中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,1991.[5],2002[6]給水排水設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)[M].中國(guó)水利出版社,1998.[7]鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè). 水利出版社,1998.[8] CAD ,2005.[9]:科技出版社,2000.[10] 王昆,何小柏,[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.[11] [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.[12] 張大群。,1982.[13] (精).化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社,1986.附錄附錄1英語(yǔ)原文:Design Of Tool Machine Prop Research significanceThe original knife machine control procedures are designed individually, not used tool management system, features a single parison, the knife only has to find the tool knife, knife positioning the shortest path, axis tool change, but does not support largescale tool. Automatic knife in the knife election, in the puter memory knifeelection on the basis of using the Siemens 840 D features, and the election procedures knife more concise, and plete the space Daotao View. ATC use the knife rapid pletion of STEP7 programming, and have been tested in practice. In the positioning of the knife, PLC controlled modular design method, which future production of similar machines will be very beneficial, it is easy to use its other machine. Automatic tool change systems will be faster growth, reduced tool change time, increase the positioning accuracy tool is an important means to help NC technology development. Tool and inventory ponents of modern production is an important link in the management, especially for large workshop management. The traditional way of account management, and low efficiency, high error rate, and not sharing information and data, tools and the use of state can not track the life cycle, are unable to meet the current information management needs. With actual production, we have to establish a workshop tool for the threedimensional tool storage system to meet the knife workshop with auxiliary storage and management needs. The system uses optimization technology, a large number of puter storage inventory information, timely, accurate, and prehensive tool to reflect the inventory situation. The entire system uses a graphical interface, manmachine dialogue tips from the Chinese menu, select various functions can be realized and the importation of all kinds of information. Management system using online help function. Through the workshop management, network management and sharing of information. Have automated inventory management, warehousing management tool, a tool for the management and statistical functions. ponents and control structureThe entire system, including the structure and electrical machinery control systems. structure and working principleTool from the stent, drive, drive system, Turret, shielding, control system, and electrical ponents. Support from the column, beam, the upper and lower guide Central track, and track support ponent. 1) Drive for the system chosen VVVF method. Cone used brake motors, with VVVF by Cycloid reducer through sprocket drive. 2) Drag a variable frequency dr